Cellulose fibers obtained from the textile industry (lyocell) were investigated as a potential reinforcement for thermoset phenolic matrices, to improve their mechanical properties. Textile cotton fibers were also considered. The fibers were characterized in terms of their chemical composition and analyzed using TGA, SEM, and X-ray. The thermoset (non-reinforced) and composites (phenolic matrices reinforced with randomly dispersed fibers) were characterized using TG, DSC, SEM, DMTA, the Izod impact strength test, and water absorption capacity analysis. The composites that were reinforced with lyocell fibers exhibited impact strengths of nearly 240 Jm-1, whereas those reinforced with cotton fibers exhibited impact strengths of up to 773 Jm-1. In addition to the aspect ratio, the higher crystallinity of cotton fibers compared to lyocell likely plays a role in the impact strength of the composite reinforced by the fibers. The SEM images showed that the porosity of the textile fibers allowed good bulk diffusion of the phenolic resin, which, in turn, led to both good adhesion of fiber to matrix and fewer microvoids at the interface.
BENADUCCI, D. Nanocomposite of recycled polyamide 6,6 reinforced with cellulose nanofibers for application in automotive parts. 2014. 86p.
RESUMONeste estudo, a estabilidade térmica e as propriedades mecânicas da poliamida 6,6 (PA) e de seus nanocompósitos com nanofibras de celulose (NFC) foram investigadas. Objetivando a dispersão uniforme da NFC na PA e o processamento a altas temperaturas, os materiais foram inicialmente pré-misturados em solução e posteriormente processados por extrusão e moldagem por injeção. Os resultados obtidos por análise termogravimétrica confirmaram a maior estabilidade térmica das amostras sem NFC em relação as amostras com NFC. A pré-mistura e o processamento influenciaram na estabilidade térmica das amostras. Os resultados obtidos por ensaio de tração revelaram que a adição de 1% de NFC levou a um aumento médio de 16% no módulo elástico em relação a PA pura. A pré-mistura e a incorporação das NFC´s não prejudicaram o módulo elástico e a resistência máxima à tração, podendo indicar uma alternativa de uso para poliamida 6,6, dependendo da aplicação final do material.Palavras-chave: Nanofibras de celulose, poliamida 6,6, nanocompósitos estabilidade térmica, propriedades mecânicas. ABSTRACTIn this study, the thermal stability and mechanical properties of polyamide 6.6 (PA) and their nanocomposites with cellulose nanofibers (CNF) were investigated. In order to have uniform dispersion of CNF in the PA and the processing at high temperatures, the materials were initially premixed and further processed by extrusion and injection molding. The results obtained by thermogravimetric analysis confirmed the lower thermal stability of the samples without CNF in comparison to the samples with CNF. The premix and the processing influence on the thermal stability of the samples. The results obtained by tensile test showed the addition of 1% CNF leads to an average increase of 16% in the elastic modulus in comparison to the neat PA. The premix and the incorporation of CNF did not impair the elastic modulus and maximum tensile strength, and may indicate an alternative use for PA, depending on the final application of the material.
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