The article examines the latest achievements of foreign researchers whose key focus is to obtain gasoline fractions from the biomass of solid compounds using catalytic pyrolysis for its further use in industrial sectors. The biomass of solid compounds is studied as a raw material for production of gasoline fractions due to its low cost and high availability. In addition, several ways for obtaining and converting biomass are studied. At high temperatures (up to 800° C) solid is used to produce synthesis gas by partial oxidation in an autothermal packed bed reactor over catalysts. Biomass is an acidic flammable liquid containing more than 300 compounds. Industrial biomass is not compatible with existing liquid transportation fuels, including gasoline and diesel. In order to use biomass as a conventional liquid transport fuel, it must be catalytically modernized.
When analysing the criteria measuring the volume of oil deposits with wide gaps in configuration of reservoir parameters and physicochemical properties of fluid, it is necessary to group and characterize objects under study. Classification makes it possible to adjust conformity and distinctive features of deposits, and explain research theories. The analysis of information according to the subjects determined by the parameters measured or evaluated is difficult to carry out. It requires a lot of time and effort. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the data volume, compress initial information to the smallest number of characteristics. Parameters can be selected from initial data or calculated and modified (i.e. minimum loss of data on the objects under study). The effective analysis tool capable of identifying the problems is the principal component analysis (PCA) which is a method for reducing the data volume. The principal component can be found in almost every text using the multivariate analysis.
An increase in the oil recovery rate is a crucial problem for the national energy industry. This paper discusses improvement of energy production and management of technical systems through the use of exhaust gases of internal combustion engines. To implement this method, a cluster pumping station (CPS) with an autonomous power supply, thermal and water-gas impact on the formation was used. The article considers water saturation with carbon dioxide and its heating to increase oil recovery and prevent harmful combustion products from being released into the atmosphere. All the associated gases enter the heat engine turning mechanical energy into electrical one. Exhaust gases released from the heat engine are not emitted into the atmosphere. Using a smoke exhauster, they enter the mixing heat exchanger. In the mixing heat exchanger, water is heated and saturated with carbon dioxide. Then it enters the well which increases oil recovery, prevents air pollution and reduces greenhouse gas emissions.
This article discusses the problem of asphalt-resinous-paraffin deposits in production and tubing pipes. As a rule, these deposits help to reduce the debit of the well with the subsequent failure of the sucker rod or electric centrifugal pumps that are installed at the wellhead. For this reason, the fight against asphaltene-resinous-paraffin deposits is an urgent research task. We considered the chemical method of exposure to asphaltene deposits, in particular with the use of esters, which are part of inhibitors. Today, a wide range of varieties of inhibitors is known that are used as substances that slow down physicochemical processes; the word inhibitor itself comes from lat. “Inhibere”, which means “delay, slow down”. Of the currently available inhibitors, an ester-based inhibitor has been proposed that can be used initially to prevent the accumulation of asphaltene deposits.
Well abandonment is significant under the enormous number of oil deposits with a wide range of reservoir parameters and physicochemical fluid properties. Underground gas storages are a combination of different objects with long life cycles under multicomponent and multifactor uncertainties of external and internal operational, natural and man-made impacts. Therefore, it is difficult to predict the resource of safe and reliable operation of these wells. Functional safety, system reliability and environmental acceptability depend on their abandonment. The article aims to determine numerical characteristics of the diameter of gas bubbles and well production rates based on the nornal distribution law.
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