A brief introduction to the field of acoustic emission is presented. The basic mechanisms of acoustic emission and a brief historical survey of the technology, along with some of its application to materials research and structural evaluation programs, are discussed.
consists of two major tasks: (1) the development. of fracture mechanics models for assessing the piping reliability in light water reactor plants; and (2) the validation of the models developed in task (1) by comparing the results with real piping failure data observed. The results of task (2) impact the confidence level for the models developed in task (1). This report is only concerned with task (1). Task (2) results are reported in another NUREG report, 11 Piping Reliability Model Validation and Potential Use for Licensing Regulation Development ... The ultimate objective of this pnoject is to provide guidance for nuclear powe.r plant piping design so that high-reliability piping systems can result. The piping reliability model presented in this report covers two major failure modes, namely, fatigue failure ~nd stress corrosion cracking failure. Both have been observed in the piping systems of light water reactor plants~ Various failure mechanisms such as vibratory stresses, residual stresses, seismic stresses, assembly stresses, and operating stresses, attributed to these two failure modes are considered in the model. Initial interior surface flaws are assumed to exist along either the pipe circumferential direction or the longitudinal direction. In-service inspection is also included in the model. In summary_,. this piping reliability model has wide application to piping 5y5tems in nuclea~ powet• plants .
A theoretical model is presented that relates acoustic emission to fiber cracking which occurs during a rising load tension test on a fiber reinforced composite. The percentage of broken fibers in an Al3Ni fiber reinforced aluminum was measured as a function of tensile strain by optical inspection of the polished surface of strained specimens. This information was used in conjunction with the proposed model to predict the acoustic emission response of the composite material. These predictions were compared with experimental observations, and a good agreement was obtained between the two sets of results. These results indicate that it is possible to relate acoustic emission quantitatively to the micromechanics of the deformation processes occurring within fiber reinforced composites, thereby demonstrating the applicability of acoustic emission to materials studies and also to nondestructive evaluation of the integrity of composite materials.
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