The work describes a study of the possibility of removal of organo-phosphorus insecticide quinalphos and organochlorine herbicide lindane from water by using the biofilm formed on active carbon. It was established that two similtaneous processes took place in the biosorption column - adsorption and microbiological degradation of the adsorbed matter. At the shock concentrations of lindane in the influent, an inhibition of microbiological processes in the biofilm occurred. It was observed that the biosorption system was more efficient in the removal of the organo-phosphorus insecticide than of the organo-chlorine herbicide.
In this paper are measured the changes in electrical output characteristics
of thin film solar panels as a function of external microclimate parameters.
Possible application of thin film solar panels in the production of
electricity on a small river boat was analyzed. Based on the results the
efficiency of thin film solar panels was determined. Also, cost benefit
analysis of their use on the river boat was performed as independent and
additional sources of electricity to the existing system which is based on
the ship diesel engine alternator.
The objective of the present investigation was a high level of purification of the wastewater from an oil refinery achieved by using some improved methods yielding an effluent suitable for recycling into the process. All the investigations were carried out on a continuous laboratory pilot system consisting of the following units: dissolved air flotation (DAF), sedimentation, double-stage microbiological reactor, and adsorption columns filled with granular biologically activated carbon (GBAC).
A high degree of COD reduction close to 100% (precisely, 99.95 %), as well as removal of nitrogen compounds of 72% was achieved during a relatively short retention time within the range of 15-16.5 hrs. The DAF technique combined with gravitational separation was used to achieve the recovery of free oil matter up to 98%, without any preliminary conditioning. After the sedimentation of coagulated and flocculated dispersed oils, the microbiological oxidation of dissolved matter was accomplished by using two kinds of activated sludge for easy and hard degradable organics. Using the continuously bioregenerating GBAC, an effluent having a lowered COD value to about 9 was obtained. At the same time, the denitrification process took place. According to the obtained results the treated oil refinery wastewater can be recycled into the process, or discharged into a water recipient of a low self-purifying capacity.
A study has been done of the primary microbiolooical purification of mixed oil refinery and municipal wastewater using the active sludge process in a two-stage laboratory set-up. The advanced - secondary microbiological treatment of the mixed wastewaters was accomplished by using biologically active carbon. The highest total effect of the organic matter removal for both the primary and secondary microbiological treatment was achieved when the two wastewaters were mixed in the ratio 1:1, and it ranged from 97.7 to 99.2 %, The organic matter load in the effluent expressed as BOD5, was 0.3 - 5.7 mg O2/dm3. When conditions in the columns containing biologically active carbon were changed from aerobic into anaerobic ones, the denitrification bacteria were allowed to use the adsorbed organic matter as the substrate. In this way, the achieved nitrate removal was up to 72 %. It was found that active carbon had adsorbed the organic matter 1.37 - 2.10 times more than was its adsorption capacity, while the free surface degree was in the ranoe of 44.5 - 59.7 %. On the basis of the obtained results, the kinetic coefficients were calculated for both the primary and secondary microbiological treatment of the mixture of the oil refinery and municipal wastewaters. Finally, two alternatives of the technological procedure were proposed for such treatment.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.