The relative toxicity of endosulfan, its isomers, and formulated products to the freshwater fish Labeo rohita was tested. The 96-h LC50 values showed that toxicity decreased in the following order: isomer A, 35% emulsifiable concentrate, technical endosulfan, 4% dust, and isomer B. The principal method of detoxification was by formation of endosulfan ether in the liver, Endosulfant, at both sublethal and lethal doses, enhanced oxygen consumption in L. rohita. Histological studies showed minor changes in the liver only.
A new solvent system, 1% and 2% acetone in hexane,was developed for chromatography on partially inactivatedFlorisil to facilitate the separation of isomersof endosulfan and its metabolites from fishtissues under tropical conditions. By using the colorimetricmethod of Maitlen et al. (1963), the minimumdetectable limit for each isomer of endosulfanin various fish tissues is 5 µg. With this solventsystem, the 2 isomers present in the technical materialcan be separated, so their toxicity to fish can be assessedseparately.
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