Toxicity of endosulfan to the freshwater fishCirrhinus mrigala

Swarup, P. Ananda; Rao, D. M. R.; Murty, A. S.

doi:10.1007/bf01611106

Cited by 16 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In fish, ES can act as neurotoxic producing irritability, aggressiveness, hyperactivity and seizures (Carlson et al, 1998;Salvo et al, 2008;Swarup et al, 1981), through neurodegeneration in different brain regions, necrosis and gliosis (Giusi et al, 2005;Sarma et al, 2010). In a previous study, we found that sexually undifferentiated larvae of the Perciform fish Cichlasoma dimerus exposed to 0.1 μg/L ES for 30 days showed altered gonadotropin releasing hormone I (GnRH I) and beta follicle-stimulating hormone (βFSH) brain/pituitary content as evidenced by lower and higher nucleus/cytoplasm area ratios respectively (Piazza et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endosulfan affects GnRH cells in sexually differentiated juveniles of the perciform Cichlasoma dimerus

Piazza

Pandolfi

Cuña

et al. 2015

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endosulfan affects GnRH cells in sexually differentiated juveniles of the perciform Cichlasoma dimerus

Piazza

Pandolfi

Cuña

et al. 2015

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

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“…Endosulfan (6,7,8,9,10,10-hexachloro-1,5,5a,6,9,9a-hexahydro-6,9-methano-2,4,3-benzodioxathiepin-3-oxide) is an organochlorine insecticide, acaricide, and miticide used to control a variety of pests of fruits, vegetables, and ornamental plants [3][4][5]. Technical endosulfan consists of two isomers, ␣ and ␤, in a constant mixture of 70% ␣-endosulfan to 30% ␤endosulfan [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Endosulfan is toxic to aquatic organisms [1] and is particularly toxic to freshwater fish: 24-to 96-h median lethal concentration (LC50) values of 0.02 to 22 g/L have been reported for these species [1,5,[8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. In addition, sublethal effects, including necrosis of the gill epithelium, have been noted after exposure of fish to concentrations as low as 3 g/L [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity of endosulfan to aquatic stages of anuran amphibians

Berrill

Coulson

McGillivray

et al. 1998

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

109

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Abstract-The toxicity of endosulfan insecticide to wood frog (Rana sylvatica) embryos and tadpoles of wood frogs, American toads (Bufo americanus), and green frogs (R. clamitans) was examined in the laboratory. Following exposures to 0.03 to 0.4 mg/L endosulfan for 96 h, sublethal effects and postexposure mortality were assessed. In another experiment, premetamorphic American toad tadpoles (with developing hindlimbs but unerupted front legs) were exposed to 0.3 mg/L endosulfan for 96 h. The exposed wood frog embryos hatched successfully and were morphologically indistinguishable from the unexposed animals at the end of the 10-d postexposure period. However, extensive paralysis of exposed tadpoles of all three species occurred; all but one of the exposures resulted in 100% of the tadpoles experiencing paralysis at some point during the exposure or recovery period. Postexposure mortality of tadpoles was high and occurred at the lowest exposure concentrations (0.041-0.053 mg/L) for each species exposed as 2-week-old tadpoles. Newly hatched American toad tadpoles were more tolerant than tadpoles of the other two species, but no clear species differences in sensitivity of 2-week-old tadpoles was apparent. American toad premetamorphs exposed to endosulfan did not recover from the effects of the exposure. Our results indicate that the aquatic stages of anuran amphibians may be sensitive to levels of the pesticide endosulfan that could reach their habitat by means of direct applications or drift from aerial spraying.

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Toxicity of endosulfan to native and introduced fish in Australia

Sunderam

Thompson

Cheng

1992

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Semistatic bioassays of endosulfan with native and introduced Australian fish indicated that they are sensitive to this insecticide at low concentrations. The introduced European carp (Cyprinus carpio) was the most sensitive species, with a measured 96‐h LC50 of 0.1 μg/L, whereas the native eastern rainbow fish (Melanotaenia duboulayi) and silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus) were the least sensitive, with measured 96‐h LC50 values of 2.4μg/L. The measured 96‐h LC50 values of endosulfan for bony bream (Nematolosa erebi), golden perch (Macquaria ambigua), and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were 0.2, 0.5, and 1.6 μ/L, respectively. Toxicities of endosulfan in Sydney mains water and Mehi River water were similar when rainbow fish, golden perch, and silver perch were used as test animals. The initial measured concentration was about 42% of the nominal concentration, whereas final measured concentration after 24 h in semistatic tests declined to 5.6% of the nominal concentration. The toxicity of endosulfan was similar in Australian native and introduced fish and in overseas fish, but varied markedly with test method. The 96‐h LC50 values for one species, the rainbow fish, varied from 0.5μg/L when reported as measured concentrations in a flow‐through test to 11.4 μg/L as nominal values in a static test. These differences span much of the variation found in 96‐h LC50 values for all fish species described in the world literature.

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Toxicity of endosulfan to the freshwater fishCirrhinus mrigala

Cited by 16 publications

References 9 publications

Endosulfan affects GnRH cells in sexually differentiated juveniles of the perciform Cichlasoma dimerus

Endosulfan affects GnRH cells in sexually differentiated juveniles of the perciform Cichlasoma dimerus

Toxicity of endosulfan to aquatic stages of anuran amphibians

Toxicity of endosulfan to native and introduced fish in Australia

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