Biotic threat in the form of insect pests is a major cause for yield loss in agricultural systems and an important factor affecting the structure and productivity of crop plant communities. However, bacteria antagonistic to plant pathogens and harmful insects are known to reduce plant contagion. These bacteria have been extensively studied in agricultural systems where they significantly contribute to soil suppressiveness, which is the natural potential of soils to inhibit plant pathogens. The genus Pseudomonas has been reported extensively not only for preventing infectious diseases but also promoting plant growth. Many Pseudomonas spp. have been reported for the presence of genes that are responsible for construct, and produce an array of imperative metabolites such as indole acetic acid (IAA), 2-4 di-acetyl phluoroglucinol (DAPG), HCN, phenazines, lipodepsipeptide, pyrrolnitrin, pyoverdin (Pvd) and pyochelin, etc. for such twofold and significant tasks. Improved Pseudomonas strains for their potential genes and control over the transformation of proteins responsible for the formation of such metabolites and also their desirable expression in the plant vicinity are nowadays a major concern throughout the world. Loss of biodiversity of such Pseudomonas spp. is proved likely to reduce the resistance of plant communities to soil borne diseases and highlight that the interrelationships between plants and such microorganisms need closer consideration to understand the functioning of ecosystems and to manage agricultural systems in an environmentally friendly and sustainable way. KeywordsMetabolites · Pseudomonads · Plant Health Management 62 J. Jani et al.
Bio-efficacy of different biological control agents for the management of chilli fruit rot/anthracnose disease ABSTRACT: Chilli (Capsicum annum L.) an important economic crop worldwide is severely infected by fruit rot disease which may cause yield losses of up to 100%. Although different chemical fungicides are being recommended and used for the management of the disease, biocontrol-based strategy attracts considerable attention and offers great potential of novel biocontrol agents. Further, biological control methods for chilli fruit rot/anthracnose disease have not received much attention. Therefore, an investigation was carried out to assess the efficacy of different biological control agents against chilli fruit rot/anthracnose disease. Antagonistic yeast isolates Pichia guillermondii (Y-12), Hanseniaspora uvarum (Y-73) and Trichoderma asperellum (Th-3), Pseudomonas fluorescens (Pf-1) were tested through seed treatment, seedling dip and foliar spray at concentration of 2 × 10 8 cfu/g. The pathogens viz., Colletotrichum capsici, Alternaria alternata and Periconia byssoides were found associated with fruit rot during the study. Lowest mean disease intensity (MDI), highest disease control (DC) over untreated control was recorded in the treatment P. guillermondii (Y-12) (5.39% MDI, 64.72% DC) and this was found at par with the treatment P. fluorescens (Pf-1) (5.92% MDI, 65.52% DC). However, T. asperellum (Th-3) showed satisfactory results. The present study highlights the efficacy of antagonistic yeast species against chilli fruit rot pathogens and these findings serve as base for further exploration and exploitation of yeast species for eco-friendly management of crop diseases.
Mango hopper is one of the most destructive pests of mango globally which causes considerable monetary loss. An attempt was made to evaluate different entomopathogenic fungi against mango hoppers at Horticulture farm, Anand Agricultural University, Anand (Gujarat) during the year 2011-2012, 2012-13 and 2013-14. Among seven treatments imposed for the management of mango hoppers, the treatment with Verticillium lecanii (Lecanicillium lecanii) 1.15% WP (2x10 8 cfu/g) on tree trunk during off-season + at flowering period recorded lower number of mango hoppers, which was found at par with Metarhizium anisopliae 1.15% WP (2x10 8 cfu/g)on tree trunk during offseason + at flowering period.
Bio-efficacy of different biological control agents for the management of chilli fruit rot/anthracnose disease ABSTRACT: Chilli (Capsicum annum L.) an important economic crop worldwide is severely infected by fruit rot disease which may cause yield losses of up to 100%. Although different chemical fungicides are being recommended and used for the management of the disease, biocontrol-based strategy attracts considerable attention and offers great potential of novel biocontrol agents. Further, biological control methods for chilli fruit rot/anthracnose disease have not received much attention. Therefore, an investigation was carried out to assess the efficacy of different biological control agents against chilli fruit rot/anthracnose disease. Antagonistic yeast isolates Pichia guillermondii (Y-12), Hanseniaspora uvarum (Y-73) and Trichoderma asperellum (Th-3), Pseudomonas fluorescens (Pf-1) were tested through seed treatment, seedling dip and foliar spray at concentration of 2 × 10 8 cfu/g. The pathogens viz., Colletotrichum capsici, Alternaria alternata and Periconia byssoides were found associated with fruit rot during the study. Lowest mean disease intensity (MDI), highest disease control (DC) over untreated control was recorded in the treatment P. guillermondii (Y-12) (5.39% MDI, 64.72% DC) and this was found at par with the treatment P. fluorescens (Pf-1) (5.92% MDI, 65.52% DC). However, T. asperellum (Th-3) showed satisfactory results. The present study highlights the efficacy of antagonistic yeast species against chilli fruit rot pathogens and these findings serve as base for further exploration and exploitation of yeast species for eco-friendly management of crop diseases.
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