Biotic threat in the form of insect pests is a major cause for yield loss in agricultural systems and an important factor affecting the structure and productivity of crop plant communities. However, bacteria antagonistic to plant pathogens and harmful insects are known to reduce plant contagion. These bacteria have been extensively studied in agricultural systems where they significantly contribute to soil suppressiveness, which is the natural potential of soils to inhibit plant pathogens. The genus Pseudomonas has been reported extensively not only for preventing infectious diseases but also promoting plant growth. Many Pseudomonas spp. have been reported for the presence of genes that are responsible for construct, and produce an array of imperative metabolites such as indole acetic acid (IAA), 2-4 di-acetyl phluoroglucinol (DAPG), HCN, phenazines, lipodepsipeptide, pyrrolnitrin, pyoverdin (Pvd) and pyochelin, etc. for such twofold and significant tasks. Improved Pseudomonas strains for their potential genes and control over the transformation of proteins responsible for the formation of such metabolites and also their desirable expression in the plant vicinity are nowadays a major concern throughout the world. Loss of biodiversity of such Pseudomonas spp. is proved likely to reduce the resistance of plant communities to soil borne diseases and highlight that the interrelationships between plants and such microorganisms need closer consideration to understand the functioning of ecosystems and to manage agricultural systems in an environmentally friendly and sustainable way. KeywordsMetabolites · Pseudomonads · Plant Health Management 62 J. Jani et al.
Aims: To evaluate the performance of farmers’ onion varieties against purple blotch disease at different locations and to correlate Percent Disease Index with yield attributing and other important traits. Study Design: Randomized Block Design, Field demonstration. Place and Duration of Study: National Innovation Foundation- India Gandhinagar Gujarat, Repoli and Palghar research stations of Dr. Balasaheb Sawant Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth, Dapoli Maharashtra during October 2017 to April 2019. Methodology: Two farmers’ onion varieties Sona-40 and Sandip were characterized and tested for their response against purple blotch disease under field condition in comparison with location-specific check varieties. Percent Disease Index of purple blotch was observed, compared and correlated with important traits viz. the plant height, leaves per plant, bulb diameter, maturity period, bulb weight, bulb yield and keeping quality. In Maharashtra areas, the study was conducted under Repoli and Palghar conditions during winter (Rabi) 2017, whereas at Gandhinagar Gujarat, it was undertaken in winter (Rabi) 2017 and 2018. Results: The farmers’ onion cultivars Sandip and Sona-40 were found to be tolerant to the purple blotch disease at all the locations. In Maharashtra and Gujarat, the average Percent Disease Index (PDI) in Sona-40 (12.1%, 12.2%) and Sandip (10.75%, 14.64%) was found significantly lower as compared to the checks respectively. The present studies also confirmed that onion bulb’s yield, weight and keeping quality were significantly correlated with the purple blotch disease. Conclusion: This study exhibited that the farmers’ onion varieties may perform better against disease infestation such as purple blotch disease. It also confirmed that the response of the onion varieties against purple blotch may vary in different locations. It is shown that the bulb weight, yield and shelf life of bulbs are significantly affected by purple blotch disease.
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