An experiment was conducted at Zonal Agricultural Research Station, VC farm, Mandya to assess the effect of long term soil fertility management on behaviour of potassium with respect to different forms and distribution pattern in rice-cowpea cropping system. Soil of the study area belong to sandy loam texture having initial pH (6.28), EC (0.14 dSm-1), CEC (9.60 cmol (p+) kg-1), MWHC (20.70%) and bulk density (1.67 g cc-1). The organic carbon (0.34 %), available nitrogen (163 kg ha-1), available potassium (134 kg ha-1) were low and medium in available phosphorus (29.20 kg ha-1). Results indicated that the water soluble K content of soils varied from 8 to 16 mg K kg-1 in the surface layer and 5 to 14 mg K kg-1 in the sub surface layer in the plots treated with different fertilizer, manure and their combinations. Exchangeable K also ranged between 59 and 116 mg K kg-1 in the surface layer and 58 to 98 mg K kg-1 in the sub surface layer. The non-exchangeable K content ranged from 111 to 874 mg K kg-1 and from 160 to 880 mg K kg-1 , respectively in the upper and the lower layers. The total K content varied from 792 to 3017 mg K kg-1 at 0-15 cm depth and from 874 to 3318 mg K kg-1 at 15-30 cm depth.
SummaryDuring Kharif 2012, a field experiment was conducted in an alfisol of Mandya with different levels of potassium under irrigated maize to know the impact of application of potassium on various soil properties. The study involved nine treatments viz., Recommended NPK as per UAS (B) package, rec. NPK 15 DAS, NP + 75, 100, 125 per cent rec. K in splits, NP only and absolute control, replicated thrice and the statistical design was RCBD. The results of the experiment indicated that, soil pH and EC not varied much due to application of graded levels of potassium in maize. Highest organic carbon content was recorded in the treatment of recommended dose of NP + recommended dose of K in two splits (basal and at the time of topdressing). The soil available NPK content after the harvest of maize crop differed due to application of graded levels of potassium and the highest NPK content was recoded with the application of recommended NPK as per UAS (B) package and lowest available nitrogen was registered in the control. Similar trend was also observed with respect to exchangeable Ca, Mg and available sulphur. Application of recommended NP + 125 per cent of recommended K in two splits recorded the higher values for the various soil properties studied.
Background: Pomegranate is an important favourite fruit of tropical, subtropical and arid regions. In India, it is grown in almost all the states but a commercial orchard exists in Maharashtra and Gujarat. Some pathogens only attack the fruit from the inside, while the external surface of the fruit remains asymptomatic. Diseased fruit display poor shelf life and flavour quality attributes. Changes include losses in sugars, acids, characteristic aroma and development of off flavours. Therefore, identifying and quick characterization of these disease symptoms is paramount to their effective control and management. Since there is a lack of research work on pomegranate black mould fruit rot diseases caused by Aspergillus niger. Realizing the gaps concerns the environmental factors affecting the prevalence of disease development and management of disease, the present investigation was undertaken with the objective: Management of post-harvest black mould fruit rot diseases of pomegranate by different methods. Methods: The experiments were carried out at Division of Horticulture, UAS, GKVK, Bengaluru by using the variety Bhagwa with 11 treatments which are replicated four times in Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Different chemical, physical methods, food preservatives and packaging were used to control the black mould fruit rot. Result: The epidemiological studies revealed that injury to the pomegranate fruits was found to be a prerequisite for infection. All the fruits inoculated by cork-wounding, pin-pricking, scrapping and rubbing method exhibited symptoms of rot. Cork-wounding proved to be the most efficient method of inoculation. Post-harvest dipping in hot water, fungicides, oils and food preservatives provided effective control of the rot. Oil suspensions were found effective in preventing the rot. Food preservatives were also found effective in preventing rot, potassium metabisulphite (KMS) 0.5 percent followed by sodium benzoate 0.5 percent proved most effective against the rot in both pre-and post-inoculation treatments. Packaging for postharvest storage showed very good performance in maintaining the quality of pomegranate fruits up to 12 weeks.
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