No abstract

The weekly serum profile of trace elements (Cu, Co, Zn, Fe and Mn) studied from 45 day to 120 day postpartum in 18 acyclic surti buffaloes with GnRH alone and GnRH along with vitamin A, D 3 , E and toldimphos sodium preparation treatment revealed that the levels of most elements varied non-significantly between treatments (T 1 and T 2) and control (T 3) groups during different weeks postpartum and even within the group between intervals postpartum. The overall mean serum copper, cobalt, zinc, iron and manganese values in T 1 , T 2 and control (T 3) groups were 1.41±0.03, 1.42±0.03 and 1.29±0.03 ppm; 0.61±0.02, 0.62±0.02 and 0.61±0.04 ppm; 1.66±0.13, 1.78±0.12 and 1.60±0.09 ppm; 3.21±0.06, 3.28±0.04 and 3.24±0.08 ppm; 0.146±0.007, 0.153±0.008 and 0.142±0.022 ppm, respectively. In the study, no differences found in serum trace minerals levels between treated and control groups at different time intervals except in mean copper concentration at 14 th and 21 st day with 0 day and 7 th day in the GnRH treated (T 1 and T 2) group. It was found that control group mean copper values were differ significantly from GnRH treated (T 1 and T 2) groups at 7 th , 14 th and 21 st day, respectively. However, the mean copper values were placed within the normal physiological range. Moreover, microelements cannot be synthesized in the body. Hence, at last it was concluded that trace elements should be daily supplied in the field and in organized farms as mineral mixture to suffice the requirement of the trace elements.

Postpartum suboestrous surti buffaloes of an organized farm confirmed by twice per-rectal palpation 11 days apart from 45 days post-partum were treated with 2 ml (500 g) of inj. cloprostenol sodium I/M route in first group (n=6) and 2 ml (500 g) of inj. cloprostenol sodium I/M route along with 5 ml inj. Vit. AD 3 E preparation and 15 ml inj. Toldimphos sodium preparation I/M route in second group (n=6) on 55 days postpartum after confirmation of ovarian cyclicity. Six animals of same status were kept as control to see the oestrus induction response and conception rate including weekly evaluation of blood biochemical profile just before (0 day) treatment and 24 hr, 48 hr and 72 hr after treatment. The service period and oestrus induction interval in days was found significantly lower in PGF 2  treated (T 1 and T 3) groups as compared to T 2 and control (T 4) group clearly showed the luteolytic effect of PGF 2  on ovaries and earlier resumption of ovarian activities as compared to treatment (T 2) and control groups. The mean serum glucose, total protein, cholesterol, calcium and phosphorus levels of suboestrous surti buffaloes did not differ significantly within all the treatment and control groups and also between all the treatment and control groups at 0 hr, 24 hr, 48 hr and 72 hr interval including overall mean values in all the groups.

: Post-partum suboestrous surti buffaloes of an organized farm confirmed by twice per-rectal palpation 11 days apart from 45 days post-partum were treated with 2 ml (500 g) of inj. cloprostenol sodium I/M route in first group (n=6) and 2 ml (500 g) of inj. cloprostenol sodium I/M route along with 5 ml inj. Vit. AD 3 E preparation and 15 ml inj. Toldimphos sodium preparation I/M route in second group (n=6) on 55 days postpartum after confirmation of ovarian cyclicity. Six animals of same status were kept as control to see the oestrus induction response and conception rate including evaluation of serum progesterone, just before (0 day) treatment and 24 hr, 48 hr and 72 hr after treatment. The service period and oestrus induction interval in days was found significantly lower in PGF 2  treated (T 1 and T 3 ) groups as compared to T 2 and control group which clear cut showed the luteolytic effect of PGF 2  on ovaries and earlier resumption of ovarian activities as compared to treatment (T 2 ) and control groups. Statistical analysis of the data generated in respect of the treatment on the progesterone concentration of the blood serum did not show any significant difference among the four groups of suboestrus surti buffaloes at 0 hr (prior to the treatment) and at 24 hr (post-treatment). Moreover, the mean serum progesterone values at 48 and 72 hr post-treatment between T 1 and T 3 (PGF 2  treated) groups as well as between treatment T 2 (Vit+P) and T 4 group (Control) did not differ significantly. However, the mean serum progesterone levels of T 1 and T 3 (PGF 2  treated) groups differed significantly from T 2 and T 4 groups at 48 and 72 hr post-treatment.

:The serum profile of trace elements (Cu, Co, Zn, Fe and Mn) studied from 55 day to 120 day postpartum in 24 suboestrous surti buffaloes with PGF 2  alone (T 1 ), Vitamin A, D 3 , E (T 2 ) and toldimphos sodium preparation and PGF 2  along with vitamin A, D 3 , E and toldimphos sodium preparation treatment (T 3 ) and control (T 4 ) group revealed that the levels of most elements varied non-significantly between treatments T 1 , T 2 , T 3 and control groups and even within the group between different time intervals post-treatment. The overall mean serum copper, cobalt, zinc, iron and manganese values in T 1 , T 2 , T 3 and control groups at 0 hr, 24 hr, 48 hr and 72 hr post-treatment were 1.56±0.014, 1.49±0.012, 1.49±0.017 and 1.48±0.017 ppm; 0.61±0.016, 0.58±0.018, 0.60±0.019 and 0.62±0.016 ppm; 1.57±0.061, 1.66±0.062, 1.78±0.063 and 1.60±0.044 ppm; 3.48±0.04, 3.41±0.07, 3.31±0.05 and 3.33±0.08 ppm as well as 0.146±0.007, 0.155±0.022 , 0.139±0.007 and 0.153±0.008 ppm, respectively. In the study, we could not find differences in serum trace minerals levels between treated and control groups at different time intervals. Moreover, micronutrients can not be synthesized in the body. Hence, it is concluded that trace elements should be daily supplied in the field and in organized farms as mineral mixture to suffice the requirement of the trace elements.

Postpartum acyclic surti buffaloes of an organized farm confirmed by twice per-rectal palpation 11 days apart from 45 days postpartum were treated with 5ml of inj. Buserelin acetate I/M route in first group (n=6) and 5ml of inj. Buserelin acetate I/M route along with 5 ml inj. Vit. AD 3 E preparation and 15 ml inj. Toldimphos sodium preparation I/M route in second group (n=6) on 55 days postpartum after confirmation of acyclicity. Keeping 6 animals of same status as control to see the oestrus induction response and conception rate including weekly evaluation of blood biochemical, metabolic and mineral profile, just before (0 day) treatment and 3 weeks after treatment (7 th , 14 th and 21 st days post-treatment). The service period and oestrus induction interval in days was found significantly lower (p>0.05) in GnRH treated T 1 (71.17±4.42; 12.67±1.11 days) and T 2 (70.83±3.80; 12.33±1.11 days) groups as compared to T 3 (94.50±5.43; 30.75±3.95 days). Moreover, cent per cent conception rate in T 1 (GnRH alone) and T 2 (GnRH + Vit.+ P) groups as compared to 66.66 per cent conception rate in control groups, respectively might be under the influence of various treatments in period (45 to 120 days) with overall 88.89 per cent (16/18) conception rate. The overall mean serum glucose values in T 1 , T 2 and Control (T 3) groups were 63.63±1.91, 62.08±2.38 and 60.39±1.80 mg/dl, respectively. The overall serum glucose values did not differ significantly (p>0.05) in T 1 , T 2 and T 3 (Control) groups. Similarly, total protein (7.44±0.18, 7.74±0.47 and 7.28±0.16 g/dl), total cholesterol (120.37±3.11, 119.39±3.41 and 115.40±2.94 mg/dl), calcium (10.01±0.21, 10.19±0.17 and 10.04±0.05 mg/dl), phosphorus (5.96±0.20, 6.01±0.14 and 5.90±0.18 mg/dl) values did not differ significantly (p>0.

Postpartum suboestrous surti buffaloes of an organized farm confirmed by twice per-rectal palpation 11 days apart from 45 days post-partum were treated with 2 ml (500 g) of inj. cloprostenol sodium I/M route in first group (n=6) and 2 ml (500 g) of inj. cloprostenol sodium I/M route along with 5 ml inj. Vit. AD 3 E preparation and 15 ml inj. Toldimphos sodium preparation I/M route in second group (n=6) on 55 days postpartum after confirmation of ovarian cyclicity. Six animals of same status were kept as control to see the oestrus induction response and conception rate including evaluation of serum mineral profile, just before (0 day) treatment and 24 hr, 48 hr and 72 hr after treatment. The service period and oestrus induction interval in days was found significantly lower in PGF 2  treated (T 1 and T 3 ) groups as compared to T 2 and control (T 4 ) group clearly showed the luteolytic effect of PGF 2  on ovaries and earlier resumption of ovarian activities as compared to treatment (T 2 ) and control (T 4 ) groups. The serum Ca: P ratio of suboestrous surti buffaloes in different treatment and control groups at different time intervals was found to be ranging from 1.44:1 to 1.63:1. The ratio of serum Ca: P should be between 1.5:1 and 2.5:1 for efficient reproduction in dairy bovines. S.S. (2016). Effect of PGF 2  and PGF 2  along with vitamin and phosphorus combination on fertility parameters of postpartum subestrous surti buffaloes as well as Ca: P ratio. Vet. Sci. Res. J., 7(1) : 66-71.

Postpartum acyclic surti buffaloes of an organized farm confirmed by twice perrectal palpation 11 days apart from 45 days postpartum were treated with 5ml of inj. Buserelin acetate I/M route in first group (n=6) and 5ml of inj. Buserelin acetate I/M route along with 5 ml inj. Vit. AD 3 E preparation and 15 ml inj. Toldimphos sodium preparation I/M route in second group (n=6) on 55 days postpartum after confirmation of acyclicity. Keeping 6 animals of same status as control to see the oestrus induction response and conception rate including weekly evaluation of blood progesterone profile, just before (0 day) treatment and 3 weeks after treatment (7 th , 14 th and 21 st day's post-treatment). The service period and oestrus induction interval in days was found significantly lower (p<0.05) in GnRH treated T 1 (71.17±4.42; 12.67±1.11 days) and T 2 (70.83±3.80; 12.33±1.11 days) groups as compared to control T 3 (94.50±5.43; 30.75±3.95 days) group under the study. It was observed that service period in the GnRH treated (T 1 and T 2) groups has been minimized up to 23 to 24 days i.e. one cycle earlier in treatment groups than that of T 3 control group. However, the number of services per conception did not differ significantly among all the experimental anoestrous treatment and control groups. Moreover, cent per cent conception rate in T 1 (GnRH alone) and T 2 (GnRH + Vit.+ P) groups as compared to 66.66 per cent conception rate in acyclic control group (T 3), respectively might be under the influence of various treatments during period (45 to 120 days) with overall 88.89 per cent (16/18) conception rate. GnRH treatment instituted (T 1 and T 2) groups revealed the increasing trend in progesterone concentration from 14 th and 21 st days post-treatment were increasing trend in progesterone concentration as (0.93±0.26 to 2.77±0.26 ng/ml and 1.39±0.30 to 3.16±0.30 ng/ml), respectively as compared to control (T 3) group. This might be due to use of GnRH treatment in that groups of animals postpartum leading to early resumption of ovarian follicular activity followed by conception. On the other hand, in control (T 3) group fluctuating trend (0.41±0.06 to 0.85±0.06 ng/ml) in progesterone concentration at different time (0 day, 7 th day, 14 th day and 21 st day) intervals was found, that could be attributed to because of late settling (after 20 days with normal saline and rectal palpation) of pregnancy in that group.