Diseases resulting fromHelicobacter pylori infection appear to be dependent on a host of genetic traits and virulence factors possessed by this microorganism. This paper aimed to investigate the association between the ABO histo-blood groups and H. pylori cagA infections. Genomic DNA samples (n = 110) of gastric biopsies obtained from patients with endoscopic diagnosis of peptic ulcers (n = 25) and chronic active gastritis (n = 85) were analyzed by PCR using specific primers for the cagA gene. Of the samples, 66.4% (n = 73) tested positive and 33.6% (n = 37) negative for the gene. The cagA strain was predominant in peptic ulcers (n = 21; 84.0%) compared with chronic active gastritis (n = 52; 61.2%) (p = 0.05; OR 3.332; 95% CI: 1.050-10.576). Additionally, the cagA strain was prevalent in the type O blood (48/63; 76.2%) compared with other ABO phenotypes (25/47; 53.2%) (p = 0.01; OR 2.816; 95% CI: 1.246-6.364). These results suggest that H. pylori cagA infection is associated with the O blood group in Brazilian patients suffering from chronic active gastritis and peptic ulcers.
Background: Alemtuzumab, an antilymphocyte (anti-CD52) monoclonal antibody, has been shown to be at least equivalent in efficacy compared to standard induction therapy in preventing acute rejection at one year post-transplantation, but is associated with three major categories of risk: increased susceptibility to infection, increased risk of lymphoproliferative malignancy, as well as a more acute risk of infusion-related reaction that can range widely in severity from mild fever to full cytokine release syndrome that is more likely to occur during the first dose. Alemtuzumab is more typically chosen for induction in high immunologic risk kidney recipients and in cases of delayed graft function at some transplant centers. However, its safety when used for delayed graft function has not been directly compared to other immunosuppressive agents, and the incidence of cytokine release syndrome from alemtuzumab or other lymphocyte-depleting agents is not known.
Case Presentation:We present two cases of flash pulmonary edema due to cytokine release syndrome in two kidney transplant recipients who received alemtuzumab for delayed graft function. In one case, dialysis was performed prior to alemtuzumab administration, while in the other case, euvolemia was already established by dialysis prior to the drug administration.
Conclusion:Cytokine release syndrome is an underappreciated risk from alemtuzumab. In our discussion, we illuminate the risks and propose preventive measures.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.