Allele frequencies of eight microsatellite loci as GUJ0001, GUJ0021, GUJ0034, GUJ0041, GUJ0049, GUJ0059, GUJ0070 and GUJ0097 was estimated for four strain of Japanese quail in Iran. Whole blood samples were collected from 200 individuals belonging to four strain (Pharach, Panda, Tuxedo and Golden).Total Genomic DNA was extracted by the GUSN-Silica Gel kit. The extracted DNA was amplified through Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Of the eight microsatellite loci used in this study, two loci ( GUJ0001 and GUJ0041 ) were monomorphic in Panda and Texedo, respectively. The highest and the lowest PIC values belonged to GUJ0059 in Golden (0.815) and GUJ0041 in Panda strain (0.427), respectively. The expected heterozygosity varied between 0.708 and 0.849. All locus-strain combinations deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium except GUJ0041 in Pharach strain, GUJ0021, GUJ0034, GUJ0041 and GUJ0097 in Panda strain and GUJ0034, GUJ0049 and GUJ0070 in Golden strain (p < 0.001). Results suggest the effectiveness of this set of loci for testing genetic relatedness.
Genetic variation in three Iranian pelt sheep breeds namely: Gray Shiraz, Zandi and Karakul were investigated using fifteen microsatellite loci. Genomic DNA was extracted from 360 blood samples by extraction kits and salting-out procedure with some modifications. The total number of alleles ranged from 6 to12 in loci. The fifteen tested loci were all polymorphic in the three breeds. The average direct count of heterozygosity overall loci in each tested breed was more than the expected heterozygosity. Tests of genotype frequencies for deviation from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) were performed at each locus of overall breeds and revealed significant departure from HWE (P < 0.001) due to heterozygote excess. Polymorphism information content value in Gray Shiraz, Zandi and Karakul were 0.815, 0.808 and 0.808, respectively. Rate of inbreeding within the three breeds was not noticeable (global F is =-0.19). Low genetic differentiation was detected by estimation of F st index between all pairs of breeds. Results showed that high level of genetic diversity was observed in pelt sheep. The phylogenetic tree based on Nei distances were drown using the neighbor-joining (NJ) and unweighted pair-group method using an arithmetic average (UPGMA). With both methods, Gray Shiraz and Karakul sheep populations were located together at one cluster and Zandi sheep population at another. The results can be useful in the development of breeding strategy for genetic improvement of pelt sheep in Iran.
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