Continued research regarding psychological variables, specific group membership (e.g., fraternity, sorority, athletics), and stimulant acquisition is suggested. Effective prevention and education efforts are needed to help address the nonmedical use of prescription stimulants on college campuses.

Current findings support further examination of nonmedical stimulant use among other college student subpopulations (i.e., athletic teams, honor societies, residence halls). In addition, there is a strong need to develop research-based intervention and preventive measures that target college populations identified as being at risk for nonmedical stimulant use.

Effect of extended release stimulant-based medications on neuropsychological functioning among adolescents with Attention-Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder.