a b s t r a c tThe densities and viscosities of aqueous mixtures of two cellulose dissolving ionic liquids: 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride and 1-ethyl-3-methyl imidazolium acetate ionic liquids have been experimentally determined for water concentration up to approx. 35% water at atmospheric pressure and temperature range from (298.15 to 373.15) K. Molar excess volumes were calculated, resulting in negative values. Literature viscosity correlations were modified in order to describe the viscosity as a function of temperature and water concentration for both water concentrations lower than x H 2 O = 0.4 and for all the water concentration range. These modified equations were applied to correlate viscosity of (water + -ionic liquid) viscosity data for other 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquids as well as for (ethanol + 1-ethyl-3-methyl imidazolium acetate) from literature obtaining a good reproducibility of the data.
With the depletion of resources, biomass becomes a promising source of chemicals and fuels, currently obtained from petroleum. Cellulose is the most abundant material produced in earth, but it is difficult to dissolve which makes its transformation limited. Dissolution of cellulose requires severe temperature, non-conventional solvents and/or extreme acid or basic conditions. Thus, its processing is very pollutant. Ionic liquids are presented as clean solvents for cellulose. These are substances composed entirely of ions that are liquid at room temperature. Among other interesting properties, ionic liquids are non volatile and they are good solvents for a number of substances. Processes for cellulose processing in ionic liquids have been patented for several applications, the most important being: pre-treatment for biomass prior to fermentation for bio-ethanol production, hydrolysis for obtaining chemicals from biomass and substitution reaction for obtaining derivatives of cellulose and other natural polymers.
Part 2. Physical properties………………………………………………...……… 69 Chapter 2. Influence of Water Concentration in the Viscosities and Densities of Cellulose Dissolving Ionic Liquids. Correlation of viscosity data ……………………………………………………………………. 71 Part 3. Use of protic ionic liquids for biomass processing……………….……… 93 Chapter 3. Use of protic ionic liquids for biomass processing……………………. Part 4. Analysis of the influence of CO 2 use as a co-solvent for viscosity reduction in cellulose processing using [bmim][Cl]……………………………... Chapter 4. Properties of [bmim][Cl]. Densities, viscosities and phase equilibria… Chapter 5. Analysis of the influence of CO 2 use as a co-solvent for Viscosity reduction in cellulose processing using [bmim][Cl]…………………….. Conclusions and future work ……………………………………………………..
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.