This study was aimed at observing the effect of the grafting of tomato plants on morphological (vegetative growth), production and nutritive characteristics (quantity and quality of production). For this purpose, the ‘Lorely F1’ cultivar was used as a scion grafted onto the ‘Beaufort’ rootstock. Plants were cultivated with a stem and two stems. The observations collected in this study were concerned with the characteristics of plant growth. The studied morphological characteristics were plant height, stem diameter and number of leaves, and the studied production characteristics were the characteristics of fructification and productivity (the average number of fruit per plant, the average weight of the fruit, production per plant). Particular attention was paid to the nutritional characteristics of the fruit, to the fruit quality (total soluble solids, total sugar, acidity, vitamin C, antioxidant activity (by the Trolox method) and the contents of lycopene and beta-carotene). The results showed that grafting positively influenced the growth and production characteristics. Grafting of tomato plants had an appreciable effect on the vegetative growth of the variant 2-grafted tomatoes with a stem. The best option in terms of productivity and production was the variant 3-grafted tomatoes with two stems, which yielded 9.2 kg per plant. Fruit quality was not improved in any of the grafted variants.
Potato is an important source of food, and in recent years, new genotypes have emerged on the European market, which particularly differentiate by the colour of tubers. The current study investigated and compared phytochemical properties and antioxidant activity of six potato cultivars: two of those with yellow-fleshed (Carpatin, Brasovean) and four with red and purple-fleshed (Cranberry Red, Mountain Rose, Purple Majesty, and Blue Congo), which were cultivated under the same climatic and soil conditions. The antioxidant activities were evaluated using two antioxidant systems 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS). The results show that yellow-fleshed cultivars had higher total soluble substance content; red and purple-fleshed cultivars had a higher content of antioxidant compounds. Cv. Blue Congo it was recorded the highest antioxidant capacity in terms of DPPH and ABTS, of 164.17 μmol ascorbic acid (AsA)/100 g FW (fresh weight) and 114.96 μmol AsA/100 g FW, respectively. The highest total phenolic content was registered at cv. Purple Majesty of 63.54 mg gallic acid equivalents/100 g FW. Regarding flavonoids, the highest content was 40.96 mg quercetin equivalents/100 g FW for cv. Blue Congo and anthocyanin at cv. Purple Majesty of 113.19 mg/100 g FW.
The purpose of this study was to identify the cultivars of potatoes with good production capacity and high nutritional value under ecologically culture conditions. The biological material consisted of five new potatoes cultivars: Brasovean, Carpatin, Cranberry Red, Montain Rose, Purple Majesty and Blue Congo. These new, highly pigmented varieties have yellow, pink or red peel and pulp, due to its high anthocyanin content. In order to achieve the objective, the productivity elements were determined: number of tubers and medium weight/plant, productivity as well as starches, carbohydrates, vitamin C content and antioxidant capacity. The obtained results were statistically interpreted by the analysis of variance, and the differences between genotypes were estimated by the threshold of significance at p≤0.05%. Cultivar Carpatin recorded the best production (32.7 t/ha) and Cranberry red and Montain Rose cultivars recorded the highest content in vitamin C (17.6 respectively 18.64 mg/100g f.m) and Blue Congo with highest antioxidant capacity (162.65 DPPH μMTE/100g).
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