The study of pedestrian dynamics has become in the latest years an increasing field of research. A relevant number of technicians\ud
have been looking for improving technologies able to detect walking people in various conditions. Several researchers have\ud
dedicated their works to model walking dynamics and general laws. Many studiers have developed interesting software to simulate\ud
pedestrian behavior in all sorts of situations and environments. Nevertheless, till nowadays, no research has been carried out to\ud
analyze all the three over-mentioned aspects. The remarked lack in literature of a complete research, pointing out the fundamental\ud
features of pedestrian detection techniques, pedestrian modelling and simulation and their tight relationships, motivates the draft\ud
of this paper.\ud
Aim of the paper is, first, to provide a schematic summary of each topic. Secondly, a more detailed description of the subjects is\ud
displayed, pointing out the advantages and disadvantages of each detection technology, the working logic of each model, outlining\ud
the inputs and the provided outputs, and the main features of the simulation software. Finally, the obtained results are summarized\ud
and discussed, in order to outline the correlation among the three explained themes
The chapter reports on the application of the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to a strategic decision in the transport sector, concerning the reconfiguration of the railway infrastructure of the seaport of Trieste. The proposed solutions should not only solve some technical and operational problems of the terminal, but they could allow the port to be included in the Trans-European Network-Transport Programme (TEN-T), promoted by the European Union and aimed to develop the Trans-European Networks of Transport. Accordingly, the selection of the solution with the most promising potential to satisfy the goals of the TEN-T policy is a fundamental stage of the project. The case study is an actual AHP application to an evaluation process concerning a prefeasibility study of strategic solutions in the logistics and transport fields. Some practical aspects regarding the application of the AHP and the building of the model, when several stakeholders are involved in the decision process, are highlighted and discussed.
The adoption of electric vehicles in an organization's fleet can provide an emission-free urban transport, but such decision must be assessed from different perspectives (e.g. economic, environmental, social, etc.), particularly when there are multiple goals and stakeholders. The article presents a multiple criteria evaluation method which can be applied to support the decision on the adoption of electric cars by a public administration. The method has two main phases: analysis by indicators and multi-criteria analysis. The first phase can provide analytic results for each category of indicators, but the values are treated only in a disaggregate way and not summarized in a global indicator. Thus the multi-criteria methodology can provide an overall assessment of the alternatives based on the aggregation of the values obtained for all criteria (i.e. indicators). In summary, the goal of the method is to employ several indicators to measure the expected effects and synthesize them in an overall judgement, taking into consideration the different stakeholders points of view. The case study presented in the paper is an application of the structured evaluation method to the university fleet. The fleet consists of 24 cars with an average of only 5700 kilometres travelled. The indicators have been classified according to different impact areas: Economy, Energy, Environment, Society
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