Objective: This research study aimed to evaluate the oral health status and the need for dental treatment in hospitalized patients, analyzing the importance of dentistry in hospitals. Therefore, the goal of this research study was to evaluate the oral health status, the need for dental intervention and the patient’s opinion about the importance of having dental surgeons in hospital settings. Methods: 103 hospitalized patients were evaluated considering the DMFT index, gingival condition, visible biofilm index, and the need for invasive dental treatment. Volunteers were also asked about their opinion considering the importance of dentistry in hospital settings. Results: 68.9% of volunteers were male subjects and 31.1% female subjects. The mean DMFT was 17.9 and 96.1% of subjects had their oral hygiene kit with when came to hospital, 97.1% of subjects stated that the presence of dental surgeons is necessary in the hospital setting and 63.1% of subjects presented poor biofilm removal. The need for invasive dental treatment was as follows: restorations (68.9%), extractions (40.8%), endodontics (23.3%), dental pain (26.2%) and presence of abscess (7,8%). Conclusion: Oral health and hygiene status of patients were classified as poor and most of patients showed the need for invasive dental treatment. The majority of patients reported that dental care is very important in hospitals settings.
ObjectiveTo assess the oral health status of patients admitted to pre-intervention heart surgery, observing the need index concerning invasive treatment.Methods hospitalized volunteers in number of 75 were evaluated in order to be investigated concerning which systemic changes were occurring, the patients' oral health conditions as well as the need for invasive dental procedures. Results Volunteers analyzed in the study were: 69.3% male and 30.7% female. As for the reason for hospitalization were: valvuloplasty (41.3%), coronary artery bypass surgery (24%), pacemaker implantation (16%), cardiac catheterization (8%), placement of stent (6.6%), congenital heart disease (4%). The associated systemic changes were: hypertension (54.6%), diabetes mellitus (20.0%), hypertension and diabetes mellitus (13.3%). Most patients presented the need to undergo invasive dental treatment procedures such as: Periodontal (58.6%), Restorative Dentistry (26.6%), surgical (18.6%), endodontic (12%), dental pain source (2, 6%), abscess presence (1.3%). ConclusionThe oral health status of the patients was considered poor, a significant number of patients at the time of the oral examination, needed some type of invasive dental treatment and the oral environment adequacy indicated dental condition which may cause the formation of infectious sites which in turn can trigger complications both in the oral cavity and general health, as well.
Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the most common cause of hereditary mental retardation, but studies on the oral health condition of these patients are rare. The aim of this study was to determine the experience of dental caries in individuals with FXS, by examining the saliva profile, oral hygiene, socioeconomic characteristics and use of controlled drugs in these patients. Dental health was estimated using the decayed, missing and filled teeth index (DMF-T) and sialometry, and the pH value and buffering capacity of the saliva, colony forming units of S. mutans (CFU/mL), visible biofilm index, and socioeconomic status were all examined. The sample, comprising 23 individuals, had an average age of 17.3 ± 5.6 years, a DMF-T index of 5.5, a diminished salivary flow (78.3%), and a low (73.9%) saliva buffering capacity. Most (52.2%) individuals presented with a high abundance (CFU/mL) of S. mutans. The experience of caries was correlated with salivary parameters, poor oral hygiene, lower socioeconomic status and an increased count of S. mutans in saliva.
Intracanal medications are fundamental for disinfection of the root canal system and participate in periapical repair, so their biocompatibility is of utmost importance to avoid tissue damage. This study evaluated the biocompatibility of a experimental paste of calcium hydroxide and propolis in the subcutaneous tissue of rats. The study was conducted on 15 male Wistar rats. Two incisions were made on the dorsal region of each animal for introduction of 4 tubes: one tube was empty; one contained zinc oxide-eugenol cement, and the two other tubes were filled with experimental paste. After 7, 14 and 30 days, the animals were euthanized and the specimens were subjected to histotechnical preparation. The hematoxylin and eosin-stained histological sections were analyzed by light microscopy. Scores were established according to the inflammatory process and statistically compared by the Tukey test (α=5%). The analysis of histological sections showed non-significant or mild inflammatory reaction in the connective tissue in contact with the empty tubes in all study periods while the contact of subcutaneous tissue with zinc oxide-eugenol elicited moderate or severe inflammation similarly without significant difference among the study periods. The connective tissue was moderately inflamed at 7 days when contacting the experimental paste, but the inflammatory process was non-significant or mild at 14 and 30 days. The experimental paste was biocompatible with the tissues after 14 days of subcutaneous implantation.
Many patients with this syndrome have compromised oral hygiene, difficulty in addressing dental cases, developmental delay, and autistic behavior. Thus, it is important to pay attention to these early children from an early age and encourage preventive approach.
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a disease characterized by decreased bone mineral density, causing susceptibility to bone fractures by mild trauma and bone deformities. The aim of this study was to describe an osteogenesis imperfecta type III clinical case, its craniofacial and oral changes as well as its atypical radiographic findings. An eighteen-year-old, male patient diagnosed with osteogenesis imperfecta type III was referred for dental evaluation; the clinical examination showed the craniofacial and oral changes of the disease such as triangular face, class III malocclusion, anterior open bite and posterior crossbite, dentinogenesis imperfecta presenting amber discoloration. The radiographic examination revealed teeth with pulp chamber obliteration and root canals, however unusual findings were also observed such as: bilateral increase of the mandibular canals and preservation of the pulp chamber and third molar root canals. Our findings show that is essential an adequate knowledge of anatomy, a careful anamnestic evaluation and a complete radiological evaluation of the patient with OI. Key words: Dental anomalies, developmental disability, rare disorders.
The objective of this study was to carry out a literature review in order to elucidate general and oral physical aspects, behavioral disorders, medical considerations and discuss considerations about the dental approach in individuals with Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) as well as to provide surgeons dentists with greater care clarification towards these patients. A literature review has been carried out in the following databases: Virtual Health Library (VHL) –MEDLINE– PubMed , SciELO and in the Capes database Journals. The descriptors used were: Fragile X Syndrome, Oral Health, Systemic Condition, Behavioral Disorders. The main phenotypic characteristics found in the literature were: prominent ears, elongated face, strabismus, hyperextensible joints , macrorchidism , mitral valve prolapse, seizures. Fragile X Syndrome oral characteristics are: mandibular prognathism, atresic and deep palate, enamel hypoplasia, malocclusion, presence of biofilm due to unestablished hygiene habits, caries, calculus and gingivitis. Cognitive deficit, autism spectrum disorder, anxiety disorder and hyperactivity are behaviors found in FXS which bring difficulties for these patients to undergo a dental approach. The dental surgeon must be up-to-date and aware of the medical and behavioral conditions of FXS individuals and, thus, offer an adequate and safe dental approach. Systemic, behavioral and oral abnormalities require an initial dental treatment planning.
Hypertensive patients deserve special attention, due to possible complications which may occur during invasive dental care. This manuscript aimed at reviewing the literature as follows: a safe dental approach to hypertensive patients, local anesthetics indication, surgical risks, hypertensive crisis, drug interactions, and oral manifestations of antihypertensive drug use. The present study was developed by research in the following databases: Virtual Health Library (VHL) – Bireme, MEDLINE, PubMed, SciELO, and the Capes database Journals. For a safe approach to the hypertensive patient, some precautions must be taken and respected such as adequate anamnesis is essential to evaluate other associated systemic alterations (cardiovascular, diabetes, renal failure), measure blood pressure at the beginning of the procedure, and, in case of longer procedures, monitor blood pressure during the intervention, minimize chair time for the sake of the patient anxiety. Medication regarding stress reduction control can be used to prevent high blood pressure from emotional conditions as well as choosing the appropriate anesthetic. Solutions with vasoconstrictor lower concentration, respecting the dose, and following the principles of the anesthetic technique must be observed. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug use should be avoided. These precautions will avoid serious iatrogenic events in addition to promoting and guaranteeing the patient safe and quality care.
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