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Gold nanomaterials have received great interest for their use in cancer theranostic applications over the past two decades. Many gold nanoparticle-based drug delivery system designs rely on adsorbed ligands such as DNA or cleavable linkers to load therapeutic cargo. The heightened research interest was recently demonstrated in the simple design of nanoparticle-drug conjugates wherein drug molecules are directly adsorbed onto the as-synthesized nanoparticle surface. The potent chemotherapeutic, doxorubicin often serves as a model drug for gold nanoparticle-based delivery platforms; however, the specific interaction facilitating adsorption in this system remains understudied. Here, for the first time, we propose empirical and theoretical evidence suggestive of the main adsorption process where (1) hydrophobic forces drive doxorubicin towards the gold nanoparticle surface before (2) cation-π interactions and gold-carbonyl coordination between the drug molecule and the cations on AuNP surface facilitate DOX adsorption. In addition, biologically relevant compounds, such as serum albumin and glutathione, were shown to enhance desorption of loaded drug molecules from AuNP at physiologically relevant concentrations, providing insight into the drug release and in vivo stability of such drug conjugates.

Single crystal (SC) cathode materials with a layered structure are considered to be state-of-the-art for lithium ion batteries. However, their production involves many steps and can produce large amounts of wastewater. Here we report an all-dry method for making SC cathode materials, with LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2 (SC-NMC) used as a specific example. It was found that a SC-NMC precursor in the form of a previously unobserved rock-salt (Ni, Mn, Co)O solid solution phase can be made phase pure by ball milling. This demonstrates that precursors with atomic scale mixing can be achieved by dry methods. It is furthermore shown that large precursor particle sizes are not necessary to form large SC-NMC particles, as is commonly believed. Instead, large crystallites could just as easily be made from submicron precursors by adjusting the sintering time in air. As a result, highly crystalline SC-NMC with precisely controlled average crystallite sizes ranging from ∼2–10 μm could be made from submicron precursor powders made using an all-dry process.

Lamellar, or layered, potassium niobium oxide perovskites are a class of underdeveloped semiconductors in organic photocatalysis that offer the inherent advantages of larger particle size and ease of recoverability as compared to traditional semiconductor materials.

Porous nanocomposite hydrogels were prepared using CaCO3 particles as solid porogens.

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