Two principle techniques exist for process safety in the chemical industry; these methods are based on the maintenance of either reaction conditions or chemical/physical stability in order to provide a safe working environment. From experience gained in the manufacture of organic peroxides, it is concluded that the latter technique (intrinsic continuous process safety), aiming at prevention, is to be preferred. Intrinsic continuous process safety is based on the stability of the reaction system and reaction conditions and minimizes the possibility of dangerous occurrences resulting from human error or equipment failure. Qualitative and quantitative hazard analysis is used to determine conditions for chemicaVphysical stability of a system. A flow calorimeter suitable for evaluation of thermochemical characteristics of the reaction system is described. Process research, process development, and safety research should cooperate closely on process safety aspects from the start of the R & D synthetic work.
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