Monitoring the condition of electrolytic capacitors in practical applications is a topic that has been and remains the subject of much research. This article is part of research in this area. It develops a parameter observer (PO) and proposes its use for the determination of the equivalent capacity and equivalent serial resistance of electrolytic capacitors. The observer is an integral-open-loop type second-order system, the input of which is the voltage at the capacitor terminals measured during a two-stage capacitor’s discharging process through a variable resistor. The PO estimates the so-called time constant of the discharging circuit for each of the two stages from which values the capacitor’s parameters are calculated. The use of PO is illustrated for determining the output capacitor parameters of a buck DC–DC converter. The experiments were performed with two electrolytic capacitors with the nominal values 100 μF and 470 μF. Compared with other monitoring methods that use observers, the proposed observer is faster in tracking error mitigation, e.g., 10−3 s in comparison with 5·10−3 s or more. The low computational volume of the discrete-time PO allows the prospect of implementation in real time.
A software tool developed in Matlab for short-term load forecasting (STLF) is presented. Different forecasting methods such as artificial neural networks, multiple linear regression, curve fitting have been integrated into a stand-alone application with a graphical user interface. Real power consumption data have been used. They have been provided by the branches of the distribution system operator from the Southern-Western part of the Romanian Power System. This paper is an extended variant of [4].
Logopedics is special pedagogical subject that deals with the prevention and correction of speech defects. Logopedics as a science was formed out of practical and theoretical reasons, extending its area from the language and communication research in relation to the evolution of personality to that of the formulation of laws and methods of language correction, the presentation of verbal difficulties, and verbal behavior stimulation. Speech disorders are determined by a range of causes that act isolated or associated, this is why the causes must be thoroughly known, as to establish the diagnosis and find the best therapeutic intervention methods. There is an increasing number of children with speech disorders in kindergarten environment. An experiment was conducted to observe the difficulties teachers face. A group of 20 children (8 girls and 12 boys) was used for a period of 4 months on whom questionnaires to correct language disorders were applied.
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