The potential benefit of socket preservation therapies was demonstrated resulting in significantly less vertical and horizontal contraction of the alveolar bone crest. The scientific evidence does not provide clear guidelines in regards to the type of biomaterial, or surgical procedure, although a significant positive effect of the flapped surgery was observed. There are no data available to draw conclusions on the consequences of such benefits on the long-term outcomes of implant therapy.

These results prove that this new CM was as effective and predictable as the CTG for attaining a band of keratinized tissue, but its use was associated with a significantly lower patient morbidity.

of adjunctive antiplaque chemical agents in managing gingivitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Periodontol 2015; 42 (Suppl. 16): S106-S138. doi: 10.1111/jcpe.12331. AbstractAim: The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the efficacy of anti-plaque chemical formulations for managing gingivitis, in 6-month, home-use, randomised clinical trials (RCTs). Material and Methods: A protocol was designed, including inclusion and exclusion criteria to identify RCTs assessing gingival and/or bleeding indices. Electronic and hand-searches identified relevant papers, which were screened and evaluated for inclusion. Full-papers were retrieved and relevant information was extracted (also plaque indices), including quality and risk of bias. Mean treatment effects were calculated to obtain weighted mean differences (WMD) and 95% confidence intervals. Results: After the process of screening and selection, 87 articles with 133 comparisons, were included in the review. The additional effects of the tested products were statistically significant in terms of L€ oe & Silness gingival index (46 comparisons, WMD À0.217), modified gingival index (n = 23, À0.415), gingivitis severity index (n = 26, À14.939%) or bleeding index (n = 23, À7.626%), with significant heterogeneity. For plaque, additional effects were found for Turesky (66 studies, WMD À0.475), Silness & L€ oe (n = 26, À0.109), and plaque severity (n = 12, À23.4%) indices, with significant heterogeneity. (Beals et al. 2000); limited use of interdental cleaning (Lang et al. 1995, Stewart et al. 1997, MacGregor et al. 1998); tendency to return to baseline plaque levels in patients instructed in oral hygiene procedures (Stewart et al. 1997) or in patients enrolled in oral hygiene studies (Emilson & Fornell 1976, Lie & Enersen 1986, Yates et al. 1993, Claydon et al. 1996, Rosling et al. 1997; lack of mechanical control of other oral biofilms different from dental plaque (Quirynen et al. 1995, Greenstein 2002, 2004.The adjunctive use of chemical plaque control may be required in those subjects who are not able to effectively remove supragingival biofilms by the sole use of mechanical procedures which, in addition, reduce the amount of biofilm and disrupt its structure. There is a general consensus that plaque inhibitory and antiplaque activities of a given formulation must be proven in long-term (at least 6 months), home-use, randomised clinical trials (RCT), together with the evidence of its safety, primarily shown by the lack of relevant side effects. In these studies, the use of the tested formulations should be adjunctive to mechanical plaque control. The characteristics of this type of trial, in order to obtain valid conclusions, has been approved (Council of Dental Therapeutics 1986), and include double blindness, presence of a control group, a minimum duration of 6 months, a microbiological evaluation, and the selection of a representative population.Based on the previous information, the present systematic review was focused on those studies providing ...

Periodontitis is an infectious inflammatory disease triggered and aggravated by the dysbiosis of the subgingival microbiota. Periodontal treatments should promote significant clinical improvements and prevent further disease progression. There is compelling evidence that these clinical outcomes are achieved when the proportions of periodontal pathogens are reduced by treatment and the root surfaces are recolonized with a new microbial community harbouring higher proportions of host-compatible species (Haffajee, Teles, & Socransky, 2006; Teles, Teles, Frias-Lopez, Paster, & Haffajee, 2013). This striking shift in the subgingival microbial profile is not an easy undertaking, due to the organization of the oral microbiota in complex biofilm structures that help protect resident organisms from periodontal treatment and allow the survival of strict anaerobe pathogens, even in highly oxygenated areas of the mouth, such as shallow pockets, tongue, saliva and oral mucosa (Socransky & Haffajee, 2002).

These results prove that this new CM was as effective and predictable as the CTG for attaining a band of keratinized tissue.

Background: The recently published clinical practice guideline (CPG) for the treatment of periodontitis in stages I-III provided evidence-based recommendations for the treatment of periodontitis patients, defined according to the 2018 classification. Stage IV periodontitis shares the severity and complexity characteristics of stage III periodontitis, but includes the anatomical and functional sequelae of tooth and periodontal attachment loss (tooth flaring and drifting, bite collapse, etc.), which require additional interventions following completion of active periodontal therapy. Aim: To develop an S3 Level CPG for the treatment of stage IV periodontitis, focusing on the implementation of inter-disciplinary treatment approaches required to treat/rehabilitate patients following associated sequelae and tooth loss. Materials and Methods: This S3 Level CPG was developed by the European Federation of Periodontology (EFP), following methodological guidance from the Association of Scientific Medical Societies in Germany and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) process. A rigorous and transparent process included synthesis of relevant research in 13 specifically commissioned systematic reviews, evaluation of the quality and strength of evidence, the formulation of specific recommendations and a structured consensus process with leading experts and a broad base of stakeholders. Results: The S3 Level CPG for the treatment of stage IV periodontitis culminated in recommendations for different interventions, including orthodontic tooth movement, EFP workshop participants and methodological consultant are listed in Appendix.

The connection and disconnection of healing abutments is associated with significantly increased bone loss during the healing period between implant placement and 6 months post-loading, when compared to one-time abutment placement.

Only secondary stability RFA values were able to significantly predict implant outcomes, but not primary stability values. There was a good correlation between RFA and the proposed clinical classification of primary stability.