Although Brosimum gaudichaudii Tréc. occurs in the Amazon and Atlantic forests, it is the only species of the genus Brosimum found in the Cerrado vegetation. Its roots contain high levels of psoralens. Compared with the wood of stems, the rootwood has more parenchyma and fibers with thinner walls. The stems and their respective piths were naturally 'grafted' into the xylopodium. Xylopodium wood has aberrant parenchyma zones and wood cells orientated in several directions. Xylopodium wood has a stem structure in the superior regions, but a root structure in the inferior parts. Furthermore, laticifers were found in xylopodium wood. Starch is present in the roots, but not in the stems, except for the two plants whose subterranean systems had signs of predatory attack

Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is a multidisciplinary process for patients recovering after an acute cardiac event or with chronic cardiovascular disease that reduces mortality and morbidity and improves quality of life. It is considered a cost-effective intervention and is expressly indicated in the guidelines of the major medical societies. In Portugal, only 8% of patients discharged from hospital after myocardial infarction are included in CR programs. In Europe overall, the percentage admitted to CR programs is 30%, while in the USA it is 20-30%. In view of the underuse of CR in Portugal, we call the attention of the health authorities to the need to increase the number and national coverage of CR programs, while maintaining high quality standards. The aim is for all patients resident in Portugal who are eligible for CR programs to have the same opportunities for access and attendance. In order to preserve the benefits and safety of this intervention, CR needs to be performed according to international guidelines. The fact that various initiatives in this field have been developed by different professional groups, some of them non-medical, that do not follow the European guidelines, has prompted us to prepare a series of norms defining mandatory criteria for CR, based on current knowledge and evidence. In this way we aim to ensure that the required increase in the number of CR programs, linked in a national network of CR centers, does not detract from the need to maintain their efficacy and quality. These criteria should serve as the basis for the future accreditation of CR centers in Portugal.

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The number of patients admitted to CR programs, as well as the number of centers, increased considerably between 2007 and 2014 in Portugal. Despite these favorable developments, further improvements are still needed.

Brosimum gaudichaudii Tréc. occurs in the Atlantic and Amazon forests, and is the only species of Brosimum commonly found in Cerrado vegetation. It is of pharmaceutical interest due to the large accumulation of furocoumarins such as psoralens in the bark of roots and xylopodia. This work describes the bark anatomy of sterns, roots, and xylopodia. Although the external bark morphology of stern and subterranean system are different, anatomically they are similar, with both having wavy and fused rays at the outer region of the phloem and a gradual transition between pervious (non-collapsed) and collapsed phloem. Tbe stern and bark periderms have three to seven layers of cells. The bark of younger stern regions is different from the bark of older parts of the stern. Younger stern parts have higher abundance of laticifers in the phloem, and gelatinous fibers arranged in bundles. Compared with the younger regions, older sterns have fewer laticifers and the gelatinous fibers are scattered in the phloem. The root and the xylopodium bark are structurally similar to each other, with a higher abundance of laticifers than sterns. Starch was found in the roots, but not in sterns.

Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is a multidisciplinary process for patients recovering after an acute cardiac event or with chronic cardiovascular disease that reduces mortality and morbidity and improves quality of life. It is considered a cost-effective intervention and is expressly indicated in the guidelines of the major medical societies.In Portugal, only 8% of patients discharged from hospital after myocardial infarction are included in CR programs. In Europe overall, the percentage admitted to CR programs is 30%, while in the USA it is 20-30%.In view of the underuse of CR in Portugal, we call the attention of the health authorities to the need to increase the number and national coverage of CR programs, while maintaining high quality standards. The aim is for all patients resident in Portugal who are eligible for CR programs to have the same opportunities for access and attendance.In order to preserve the benefits and safety of this intervention, CR needs to be performed according to international guidelines. The fact that various initiatives in this field have been developed by different professional groups, some of them non-medical, that do not follow the European guidelines, has prompted us to prepare a series of norms defining mandatory criteria for CR, based on current knowledge and evidence. In this way we aim to ensure that the required * Corresponding author. E-mail address: ananabreu@hotmail.com (A. Abreu). 2174-2049Document downloaded from http://www.elsevier.es, day 07/08/2018. This copy is for personal use. Any transmission of this document by any media or format is strictly prohibited. Document downloaded from http://www.elsevier.es, day 07/08/2018. This copy is for personal use. Any transmission of this document by any media or format is strictly prohibited. 364A. Abreu et al.increase in the number of CR programs, linked in a national network of CR centers, does not detract from the need to maintain their efficacy and quality. These criteria should serve as the basis for the future accreditation of CR centers in Portugal. © 2018 Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. on behalf of Sociedade Portuguesa de Cardiologia. Resumo A reabilitação cardíaca é um processo multidisciplinar de recuperação do doente após evento cardiovascular agudo ou com doença cardíaca crónica, que conduz à redução da mortalidade e morbilidade e melhoria da qualidade de vida. Considera-se uma intervenção custo-eficaz com indicação formal expressa em recomendações das mais importantes sociedades científicas internacionais. PALAVRAS-CHAVEEm Portugal, apenas 8% dos doentes com alta hospitalar após enfarte são incluídos em programas de reabilitação cardíaca. Na Europa, a percentagem de admissão nesses programas é em média de 30%, enquanto nos Estados Unidos da América esse percentual se situa entre 20-30%.Pela subutilização franca da reabilitação cardíaca em Portugal, chamamos a atenção das autoridades de saúde para a necessidade de aumentar o número e a distribuição dos programas de reabilitação cardíaca no território n...

ABSTRACT

The difficulty of identifying Lauraceae species is well known. The leaf epidermis of 18 species from the Federal District, Brazil, was analyzed to test more characters as an aid to the taxonomy of this family. New anatomical characters are proposed here, such as sinus number, internal angles and number of sides of the common epidermal cells, their arrangement around the trichome base, and the shape and width of the subsidiary cells in relation to the guard cells. Epidermal characters that can aid in the identification of the studied species are: the contour of the common cells on both leaf surfaces and their anticlinal wall width, number of sides of the polygonal cells, sinus number, presence of angles greater than 180°, presence and type of indumentum, common cells with radial arrangement around the trichome base, stomatal position relative to the rest of the epidermis and width of the subsidiary cells in relation to the guard cells. Glabrous and glabrescent leaves are distinguished. Two species have unique characters: Aniba heringeri, with papillae on the abaxial surface, and Cryptocarya moschata, with peculiar horseshoe-shaped subsidiary cells. Characters of the epidermis together with the external leaf morphology are sufficient to distinguish the studied species. Additionally, we report for the first time the occurrence of Mezilaurus crassiramea and Ocotea diospyrifolia for the flora of Federal District, Brazil.