Richness, cultural dominance and use frequency of families, genera, species and use types of useful plants in the state of Morelos (Mexico) were evaluated. A database was built with the information gathered between 1979 and 2001. A total of 608 species, 400 genera and 128 families were recorded. Fabaceae and Asteraceae were the culturally dominant families, whereas Ficus, Ipomoea and Citrus were the culturally dominant genera. According to origin and level of management, 10 groups of plants were defined that included the 104 culturally dominant species. The largest cultural dominance corresponded to Persea americana Mill. and Psidium guajava L. A total of 27 use types were recorded, among which medicinal, ornamental and edible were the culturally dominant ones. The importance of traditional knowledge in selecting useful products and its contribution to the creation of environments that promote the presence of these products is discussed, as well as the potential contribution that this kind of knowledge may make to sustainable development.
En este libro se presentan los resultados de un estudio realizado en agrosistemas de la comunidad de Xoxocotla, municipio de Puente de Ixtla, Morelos, donde se puede encontrar una significativa presencia de la ciruela Spondias purpurea L. En sus páginas, el lector podrá acceder a un cúmulo de información sobre los aspectos contextuales y metodológicos del estudio, así como lo relativo al papel de las especies de ciruela en los agrosistemas, su relación con otros frutales y los conocimientos sobre su manejo y el valor de uso en sus diferentes facetas.
Resumen Los sismos son poco predecibles; el 19 de septiembre de 2017, 32 años después de un evento igualmente grave, se presentó otro de magnitud 7.1. Los daños incluyeron una cantidad importante de víctimas y pérdidas materiales en la capital del país, así como en Morelos, donde fue el epicentro; el Estado tuvo efectos graves en 30 de 33 municipios. En este trabajo, se sistematizan las acciones de la sociedad post desastre en el contexto de la vulnerabilidad estructural, en términos de la pobreza, y la falta de prevención en la política pública. Para ello se describen las características de la afectación y la organización Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos-Sociedad Civil ante la contingencia, evidenciando una forma no convencional de respuesta organizada.
El panorama actual de las Áreas Naturales Protegidas (ANP) de México. En México se diseñaron las ANP como una estrategia de conservación. Sin embargo, se plantearon desde una perspectiva económico-ambiental en las últimas tres décadas, apoyándose en la institucionalización de derechos de propiedad privada y libertad de comercio, ponderando al mercado como vía ideal para optimizar el aprovechamiento y explotación de la naturaleza. Con el objetivo fue analizar la situación de las ANP ante el cambio de uso de suelo deribado de la modificación de la legislación ambiental y la implementación de leyes que promueven actividades económicas y el crecimento urbano en México, se analizaron cartográficamente el incremento anual y las condiciones territoriales como el uso de suelo y vegetación de las ANP de méxico, así como las modificaciones de las áreas urbanas, agrícolas y conservadas, demostrando que las ANP sostienen una oferta territorial para el mantenimiento de actividades económicas, causantes de la reducción de sus espacios conservados.
<p>Traditional fruit orchards are agroecosystems characterized by their rich flora, wildlife and domestic species that constitute reservoirs of production of ecosystem goods and services, therefore, their knowledge is fundamental for its regional function on biological and cultural diversity. The objective of this research was to record the wild and domestic fauna of cultural and ecological importance registered in traditional fruit orchards (TFO) of the Ixtlahuacán neighborhood, Yautepec, Morelos, Mexico. The methodology consisted on ethnobiological and ecological techniques, guided tours by 13 TFO and the application of 55 open interviews. To determine the cultural importance of the fauna, the Cultural Value Index (ICV) was calculated and random samplings were made to observe the faunal and floral composition from each orchard, with indirect and direct methods. There were 31 species of plants recorded in which the interviewees identified 60 species of wild vertebrates, 48% birds, 21% mammals, 22% reptiles and 9% amphibians. The values of use for the registered wildlife were: food (75%), pet (58%) and medicinal (33%). The species with the highest IIC were <em>Ctenosaura pectinata</em> and <em>Didelphis virginiana</em>. <em>Glaucidium brasilianum</em>,<em> Tyto alba</em>,<em> Amazilia violiceps</em>,<em> Myiozetetes similis</em> and <em>Icterus pustulatus</em> were classified as superstitious birds. The ecosystem services provided by the fauna based on the knowledge of the interviewees were: seed dispersers (42%), insect consumers and predation (37%), elimination of dead animals (8.3%) and pollinators (1.6%). The domestic fauna includes seven species, 57% mammals and 43% birds. <em>Gallus gallus</em> hen provides meat and eggs as a source of protein. The owners who have traditional fruit gardens in the neighborhood of Ixtlahuacán recognize the fauna that visits these agroecosystems, in addition to the goods and services that provide them, therefore, these production systems should be considered in state public policies as wildlife conservation areas.</p>
Se hizo una investigación en la Reserva Estatal Sierra de Montenegro (resmn), la cual está ubicada en el estado de Morelos. Se trata de un área natural protegida que cuenta con una extensión de 7329 hectáreas (ha), dos zonas núcleo de Montenegro con 478 ha y las Trincheras con 1113 ha, y una zona de amortiguamiento de 5739 ha. El objetivo de esta investigación era dar seguimiento al tema de los riesgos en los que se encuentran los anfibios y reptiles frente a la política económica y la falta de planificación urbana. Esto trae como consecuencia los cambios de uso de suelo de la cubierta vegetal. El análisis se vincula con el tema del cambio climático y las repercusiones que tienen las especies antes mencionadas.
<p><strong>Background</strong>. The social reproduction of indigenous migrants is adjusted to the receiving territory based on the work for the management of biocultural diversity. This study corresponds to the territorial unit "La Joya", in Ayala, Morelos, configured by indigenous people from the state of Guerrero. <strong>Objective</strong>. Explain the sustainability traits of family production systems (FPS) established by immigrants to Morelos in the last 20 years. <strong>Methodology</strong>. The sampling was 12.5% of the FPS, the difficulties of the languages and disposition of the informants were dissipated with ethnobiological techniques such as guided tours and semi-structured interviews, because they allowed to investigate the management of plants and animals, costs of labor work, use value and exchange value, the structure of the plants used, the number of eggs and laying cycle per year for the birds, and the destination of production, with this information an annual availability calendar of goods. The structure and ecological composition were obtained by sampling the total surface of 10 FPS. The attributes calculated were: species richness and abundances. The coverage of the plants, the house and the animal pens were located in Cartesian plans. With items from both approaches, the annual economic valuation of the management and of the production of each FPS was obtained, both integrated the environmental economic valuation. <strong>Results.</strong> Include eight management activities; the values of use of biocultural diversity were 11, the food with 47 species stands out. The composition is 96 plant species and 13 animals that provide goods for self-supply and sale throughout the year. Its economic valuation, including the family work that allows the conservation of FPS the reaches between one and 30 times the minimum salary. <strong>Implications</strong>. The social group studied comes from an área whit vegetation and a climate similar to the one that they immigrated to, which facilitates its biocultural reproduction in small lands, whose structure and composition of plants and animals is similar to that reported for communities originating from Morelos, both with sustainability indicators. <strong>Conclusion</strong>. The sustainability of the FPS is the result of social work aimed at the traditional management of biological diversity, which allows the sustained production of goods with use values for self-supply and exchange values that enter monetary resources, whose sum It shows the environmental economic efficiency, the environmental economic efficiency, the contribution to the survival and social reproduction of indigenous migrants.</p>
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