The gypsum plaster waste is still faced a serious economic and environmental problem. Considering the high volume and the destination often inadequate. Intending to provide a mitigating alternative, this research intends to develop blocks that incorporate the industrial gypsum plaster waste through reverse logistics. For this, a physic-chemical recycling process of gypsum plaster waste was carried out on an industrial scale and the developed material was characterized in anhydrous and fresh state. Then, blocks were made with the recycled material and characterized according to NBR 16495 (ABNT, 2016). After its characterization, the material was evaluated for its mechanical performance when used in walls, regarding the tests of suspended vertical loads and hard and soft body impact, according to the guidelines included in the performance standard NBR 15575-4 (ABNT, 2013). The walls constituted with the developed material showed satisfactory performance, having, in some cases, presented superior performance in comparison to the conventional walls of gypsum blocks, according to results presented by the Technical Assessments Document - DATEC nº 27 (2015). Finally, small walls of the recycled gypsum block and gypsum glue were elaborated to verify the compressive behavior. Regarding these verifications, it was noticed that the small walls obtained good resistive capacity.
The construction industry, a major influencer in Brazil’s economic and social development, is responsible for a large consumption of raw materials and waste production. In particular, plaster presents significant growth, especially in the Northeast, due to the region of Araripe, great producer of this construction material. Considering the serious problems caused by the incorrect disposal of plaster in nature, there is the challenge of its recycling process. This research aimed to analyze several percentages of plaster residues to be added to the plaster paste, with and without retarder additive (sodium citrate), in terms of physical, mechanical, and rheological properties, focusing at the production of components. For that, the residue underwent physic-chemical recycling process to be replaced by plaster or by mass, in the percentages of 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%. The study of the performance of the material was done through the tests of granulometry, unit mass, mini-slump method, calorimetry, squeeze-flow method, compressive strength, and surface hardness. The results showed that the recycled plaster (RP) did not excessively damage the studied properties, and it was permissible to substitute up to 50% of RP in the production of the paste for components, following the recommendations of the recycling process and water/plaster ratio.
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