The aim of this article is to assess the role of real effective exchange rate volatility on long-run economic growth for a set of 82 advanced and emerging economies using a panel data set ranging from 1970 to 2009. With an accurate measure for exchange rate volatility, the results for the two-step system GMM panel growth models show that a more (less) volatile RER has significant negative (positive) impact on economic growth and the results are robust for different model specifications. In addition to that, exchange rate stability seems to be more important to foster long-run economic growth than exchange rate misalignment.
This article examines the hysteresis hypothesis in the unemployment rates of Brazil and Chile using an LM unit root test with two endogenous breaks. The phenomenon is confirmed for both countries. However, the hysteresis hypothesis is able to account for only a small part of the unemployment evolution.
O objetivo deste artigo é analisar o debate entre arrecadação e gastos públicos governamentais para o caso brasileiro, isto é, se a despesa pública é a responsável por gerar constantes aumentos da arrecadação governamental brasileira, ou se a causalidade é reversa. A metodologia econométrica utilizada envolve técnicas de cointegração e de modelo de correção de erros para o período compreendido entre o 1o trimestre de 1999 e o 3o trimestre de 2008. Os resultados econométricos mostram que, no período analisado, o Estado brasileiro pode ser caracterizado pela utilização de um modelo fiscal do tipo "gastar e arrecadar". Isso significa que elevações nos dispêndios governamentais provocam mudanças permanentes na arrecadação pública. The aim of this paper is to analyze the tax-spend debate for the Brazilian case, that is, if an increase in public spending leads to an increase in government revenues, or if there is a reverse causality (the increase in government revenues leading to an increase in public spending). The empirical analysis is based on cointegration and vector error correction models and the data ranges from the 1st quarter/1999 to the 3rd quarter/ 2008. The results show that the Brazilian government follows a "spend and tax" policy. It means that more government spending leads to permanently higher taxes
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