The goal of this research project is to find an answer to today's most urgent social and ecological questions as the global population continuously increases and the available resources remain limited. As the central approach to the solution of this problem, adaptive elements will be included in the structure, the interior and the façade of an experimental 37 m tall building. This paper introduces the topic of adaptivity in building structures and provides an overview of the research topics applied in this globally unique adaptive high-rise building. Due to the complexity of research topics of this Collaborative Research Centre, this paper only covers the research concerning the experimental high-rise building.
Adaptive buildings constitute an interdisciplinary approach for realizing the next generation of buildings in order to reduce the immense material requirements and energy demand throughout all lifecycle phases. Based on a novel cooperation between the disciplines of Architecture and Civil and Mechanical Engineering, adaptive support structures and skins are developed within the Collaborative Research Centre SFB 1244. A holistic planning process is required in order to reduce the high complexity and achieve a goal-oriented procedure during the planning of such buildings and the development of integrated systems.Part of this research is the development of new specific and the transfer of established methods from different disciplines. The experience gained during the planning of an adaptive, high-rise demonstrator building within the research project has shown that the methods for application must be provided in the form of a method toolbox to present their purpose, application time and results within the planning team. Based on the examination of existing method toolkits, this paper focuses on the development of an approach while considering context-specific requirements.
Inhalt Die Auslegung von konventionellen Gebäudetragwerken orientiert sich an der kritischen Lastfallkombination. Jedoch tritt dieser Fall nur sehr selten oder nie auf. Somit ist dieses für die überwiegend auftretenden Lasten überdimensioniert. Bei adaptiven Tragwerken beeinflussen integrierte Sensor-Aktor-Systeme gezielt den Lastabtrag. Dadurch können Maximalbeanspruchungen einzelner Tragwerkselemente reduziert werden. Wird dies bei der Dimensionierung berücksichtigt, können der Materialeinsatz und die Treibhausgasemissionen über alle Phasen des Lebenszyklus reduziert werden. Dieser Beitrag stellt die Grundlagen zu adaptiven Tragwerken und die Anforderungsermittlung an das Aktorsystem für das adaptive Demonstrator-Hochhaus vor, das im Frühjahr 2021 an der Universität Stuttgart errichtet wurde.
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