The implementation of adaptive elements into an experimental high‐rise building

Weidner, Stefanie; Kelleter, Christian; Sternberg, Paula; Haase, Walter; Geiger, Florian; Burghardt, Timon; Honold, Clemens; Wagner, Julia L.; Böhm, Michael; Bischoff, Manfred; Sawodny, Oliver; Binz, Hansgeorg

doi:10.1002/stco.201810019

Cited by 40 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…An adaptive truss structure high-rise is being constructed on the campus of the University of Stuttgart in the scope of the collaborative research center CRC1244 [14]. It is intended for demonstrating the concept of actuated truss structures to a larger audience.…”

Section: Adaptive Structures Test Benchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-tuning state estimation for adaptive truss structures using strain gauges and camera-based position measurements

Warsewa

Böhm

Guerra

et al. 2020

Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing

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In the context of control of smart structures, we present an approach for state estimation of adaptive buildings with active load-bearing elements. For obtaining information on structural deformation, a system composed of a digital camera and optical emitters affixed to selected nodal points is introduced as a complement to conventional strain gauge sensors. Sensor fusion for this novel combination of sensors is carried out using a Kalman filter that operates on a reduced-order structure model obtained by modal analysis. Signal delay caused by image processing is compensated for by an out-of-sequence measurement update which provides for a flexible and modular estimation algorithm. Since the camera system is very precise, a self-tuning algorithm that adjusts model along with observer parameters is introduced to reduce discrepancy between system dynamic model and actual structural behavior. We further employ optimal sensor placement to limit the number of sensors to be placed on a given structure and examine the impact on estimation accuracy. A laboratory scale model of an adaptive high-rise with actuated columns and diagonal bracings is used for experimental demonstration of the proposed estimation scheme.

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Section: Adaptive Structures Test Benchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-tuning state estimation for adaptive truss structures using strain gauges and camera-based position measurements

Warsewa

Böhm

Guerra

et al. 2020

Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing

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“…The full size adaptive high-rise structure will be constructed on the site of the University of Stuttgart, rendered in Figure 2A. The structure will be a twelve story building with 36 m height covering a square base with side length of 4.7 m, detailed information is given by Weidner et al (2018). The scale model investigated in this contribution is 18 times smaller, leading to a height of 2 m and a square ground base of 0.26 × 0.26 m (see Figure 2B).…”

Section: General Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Static Load Compensation With Fault Tolerance in Nonlinear Adaptive Structures Under Input and State Constraints

Wagner

Gienger

Stein

et al. 2020

Front. Built Environ.

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Adaptive structures are conventional truss structures that are equipped with sensors, actuators, and a control unit. This offers the opportunity of reacting and adapting to external loads but raises nontrivial issues. When actuators are placed optimally within a structure, they can be individually integrated either parallel to or in series with elements of the original passive structure. Additionally, some of the elements might be tension-only elements and thus have to be treated as nonlinear, as their stiffness depends on the stress within the element itself. Input constraints naturally arise for actuators, e. g., due to the maximum pressure limit of a hydraulic system and displacement limits of the actuators. We present modeling approaches for an add-on inclusion of these different types of actuators in an existing finite-element model of a passive structure. We place special focus on the ability of the model to reproduce the correct behavior in case of an actuator reaching its displacement constraint within a tension-only element. When such an adaptive structure is subject to static loads, e. g., wind loads, it is required to respond using its actuators to keep the structure within given safety and comfort limits. These limits can be expressed as state constraints. We present a method for optimally compensating these static loads under the given input and state constraints along with experimental results on a scale model of an actual high-rise building. An important aspect regarding adaptive structures is that of their behavior in case of actuator faults. An obvious result is that a structure's performance degrades, and the controller needs to recognize faults and deal with it properly. Assuming a diagnosed actuator fault, we present results illustrating the performance degradation. The designed controller can reconfigure and reinitialize itself. The performance with and without applied reconfiguration to the nominal case is compared.

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“…Therefore, the basis is the availability of detailed component data with the same functional performance. Various actuation concepts with different requirements on the mass demand such as parallel or serial actuation [10] can also be used in this context. The evaluation on the basis of performance specifications provides the last possible stage of assessment in order to integrate changes into current planning and can be understood as the last target control before the building will be realized.…”

Section: Phase 3: Lca On Component System Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the Collaborative Research Centre (SFB) which was established at the University of Stuttgart in 2017, concepts for adaptive skins and structures with their respective potentials and challenges are investigated. An essential part of the research project is the construction and realization of a 36 m high experimental high-rise building, which will be located on the campus of the University of Stuttgart [10]. This building serves as demonstrator to prove the functionality of all adaptive components, the effectiveness of the concept of adaptivity, and the developed planning methodology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of LCA in the Planning Phases of Adaptive Buildings

et al. 2019

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The high consumption of resources in the building industry requires a significant reduction of material in buildings and consequently a reduction of emissions over all phases of the life cycle. This is the aim of the Collaborative Research Centre 1244 Adaptive Skins and Structures for the Built Environment of Tomorrow, funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG), which addresses research on the development and integration of adaptive systems in building structures and skins. New approaches in building planning are required for the implementation of adaptive buildings. Therefore, a multidisciplinary team from various fields such as architecture, civil and mechanical engineering, and system dynamics is necessary. The environmental impacts of the whole life cycle have to be considered for an integral planning process for adaptive buildings right from the beginning. For the integration of the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), four temporal and content-related interfaces were identified in the planning process. Inputs and outputs of the LCA were defined for the relevant planning stages in order to enable the greatest possible benefit for the planners and to minimize the environmental impacts as far as possible. The result of the research work is a methodology that can be used in the future to reduce life cycle-related environmental impacts in the planning process of adaptive buildings (ReAdapt).

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The implementation of adaptive elements into an experimental high‐rise building

Cited by 40 publications

References 13 publications

Self-tuning state estimation for adaptive truss structures using strain gauges and camera-based position measurements

Self-tuning state estimation for adaptive truss structures using strain gauges and camera-based position measurements

Optimal Static Load Compensation With Fault Tolerance in Nonlinear Adaptive Structures Under Input and State Constraints

Integration of LCA in the Planning Phases of Adaptive Buildings

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