<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> In order to update and deepen the theoretical discussions about Digital Heritage, the authors initiated a survey of the most recent technologies that improves the documentation of architectural buildings and sites. We intend to implement a digital workflow on the studies of buildings and sites that have a potential of protection in the Fluminense lowland of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. This is part of the activities of the conservation education at bachelor level in Architecture and Urbanism, and the course of the Postgraduate Program on heritage conservation of Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ). The main objective of the current scientific research is the identification of Brazilian researchers and the subjects that have been studied in the last five years in order to make a theoretical review through the systematization of topics, thematic axis, terms, concepts regarding the application of information and communication technologies (ICT) in the heritage documentation. We carried out a qualitative-quantitative mapping of the scientific production of twelve scientific events having occurred in Brazil and Latin America between 2013 and 2018. We detected 156 Brazilian researchers from all regions of the country that had researched about Digital heritage. The mapping of themes was compared to keywords index of CIPA-ICOMOS Symposium 2017 in order to identify points of contact and lack of studies in Brazil for planning the future research. The research group seek ways for better integration between national researchers, ways to get theoretical content up-to-date and to adopt more accurate documentation practices at undergraduate and postgraduate disciplines.</p>
Apresentam-se os casos de duas vilas operárias, localizadas no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, que remanesceram após o desaparecimento das respectivas fábricas de tecidos que lhes deram origem. Tratam-se da vila operária da Fábrica Cometa, no Meio da Serra – distrito de Petrópolis/RJ– e da Vila Operária da Fábrica de Tecidos Carioca, no bairro do Jardim Botânico, zona sul da Cidade do Rio de Janeiro, ambas protegidas em nível federal e municipal, respectivamente. A escolha se deu em virtude de consistirem em casos raros, no contexto do patrimônio industrial fluminense, especialmente no que diz respeito à permanência de ex-operários e descendentes como moradores e edificações que remontam às funções originais. Abordam-se, dentre outros aspectos, o processo de construção das vilas operárias, as estratégias de dominação e controle social adotadas pelos donos das fábricas, a formação de memórias positivas aos ex-operários e a inexistência de políticas habitacionais que garantam o efetivo acesso a moradias de boa qualidade. Os casos escolhidos destacam o reconhecimento pelo Estado da sua importância cultural, bem como da necessidade da continuidade das funções habitacionais de interesse social. Os objetivos específicos destacam uma breve análise dos diferentes contextos sociais e econômicos estabelecidos no Brasil, a partir do século XIX, que viabilizaram o surgimento e o declínio das fábricas de tecido; as características arquitetônicas das fábricas de tecidos de algodão e suas vilas operárias; e especificidades das vilas operárias do Jardim Botânico e do Meio da Serra: suas arquiteturas e memórias, por meio de depoimentos de ex-operários.
The main goal of this article is to evaluate critically the urban protection bias in the legislative context of Rio de Janeiro, since the 1980s, when the redemocratization of the country took place, until the 2000s, marked by major sporting events and the distinction of a part of the city site as "cultural landscape of humanity", granted by UNESCO (2012). During this period, new legal provisions for environmental protection appeared in Rio de Janeiro's legislation, especially the instrument called the Cultural Environment Protection Area (APAC in Portuguese), which constituted a counterpoint to previous urban policies, characterized by urban plans that invariably proposed urban renewal, with a view to the adaptation of the city to the demands of the property and car industries production. The aim here is to evaluate the use of the urban protection tool by the city hall and its distribution through the city site, identifying the different motivations that originated the urban protection initiatives, as well as respective political-administrative impacts.
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