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The investigation of low radar cross-section (RCS) structures is of great practical interest for the car integration of radar systems. This paper presents for the first time the study of a low-RCS surface at millimeter wave frequencies. The surface employs a chessboard-like geometry that uses a periodic displacement of artificial magnetic conductors (AMCs) and perfect electric conductors (PECs). The structure is able to redirect the incident wave in non-specular directions, and it is thus possible to achieve a significant reduction of the RCS in the boresight direction. The measurement results confirm the predictions of the full-wave simulations, and they prove that the proposed surface can effectively achieve more than 17 dB of RCS reduction in the case of normal incidence at 76.8 GHz.

The angular resolution of a radar system can be enhanced with an increasing antenna aperture. Instead of using more antenna elements, the distances in the aperture can be increased with a sparse array. To mitigate the high side lobes originating from the sparse array, the missing antenna elements can be reconstructed by means of compressed sensing. In this paper a sparse antenna array with a low side lobe level is determined with a genetic algorithm and a cost function. An investigation is performed what difference in the radar cross section of two targets in the same range-Doppler cell can be achieved. Additionally, instead of considering point targets only, a target vehicle is measured with a 77 GHz MIMO radar.

Automotive radars are one of the key sensor technologies to develop reliable fully-automated cars. They are usually installed behind the bumper of the vehicle and therefore, multiple reflections can occur. The multiple reflections can be mitigated with the use of low-RCS (radar cross-section) antenna arrays. This paper presents the design of a complex low-RCS multiple antenna system that mimics a typical MIMO (multiple-input multiple-output) configuration. A prototype has been developed and tested. Approximately 17 dB of RCS reduction has been experimentally achieved. The measurement results show that the use of such a low-RCS antenna system can successfully reduce the amplitude of multiple reflections. Index Terms-radar cross-sections, microstrip antenna arrays, radar antennas, millimeter wave radar.

In this paper the design and the implementation of a cavity antenna array in PCB technology for automotive radar applications is presented. The array consists of four cavity antennas fed by a microstrip-line feeding network and H-shaped coupling apertures in the ground plane. Simulation and measurement results show that the proposed structure is a suitable candidate for the integration in automotive radar sensors.