Nota: Estas diretrizes se prestam a informar e não a substituir o julgamento clínico do médico que, em última análise, deve determinar o tratamento apropriado para seus pacientes.
Original ArticleThe prevention of diabetes and its complications is a challenge for the healthcare team. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of educational action on the disease knowledge of patients with type 2 diabetes. A randomized clinical trial was conducted with 62 patients registered in a service of reference in the treatment of hypertension in 2010. Data were collected through a questionnaire applied to the Intervention (IG) and Control (CG) groups at the beginning and at the end of the study. The IG participated in group educational activities, using problematization methodology. The results showed a significant increase in knowledge about diabetes in the patients of the IG, in all the topics (p<0.05). In the CG, some changes were observed in knowledge, however, these were fewer when compared with the IG. In conclusion, it was possible to increase disease knowledge through the performance of educational activities.
Clinical trial identifier: RBR-58n26hDescriptors: Community Health Nursing; Health Education; Diabetes Mellitus; Self-Care.
Efectos de intervención educativa sobre el conocimiento de la enfermedad en pacientes con diabetes mellitusLa prevención de diabetes y sus complicaciones es un desafío para el equipo de salud. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar el efecto de acción educativa sobre el conocimiento de la enfermedad en pacientes portadores de diabetes tipo 2. Fue realizado ensayo clínico aleatorizado con 62 pacientes registrados en servicio de referencia en tratamiento de la hipertensión arterial en 2010. Los datos fueron obtenidos a través de un cuestionario aplicado a los grupos Intervención (GI) y Control (GC), al inicio y al final del estudio. El GI participó de actividades educativas grupales, utilizando la metodología problematizadora.Los resultados muestran un aumento significativo del conocimiento sobre la diabetes en pacientes del GI, en todas las cuestiones (p<0,05). En el GC, algunas alteraciones observadas, fueron mucho menores cuando comparadas al GI. Se concluye que fue posible elevar los conocimientos sobre la enfermedad por medio de realización de actividades educativas. Número del Registro clínico, Identificador primario: RBR-58n26h
SummaryBackground: Arterial Hypertension (AH) is a mass disease, with consequences for the cardiocirculatory system, since its complications raise the rates of morbidity and mortality. Controlling blood pressure (BP) reduces complications and may preserve the quality of life (QOL) of patients. Studies show positive effects of music therapy as an adjuvant in the treatment of several diseases.
This paper is the result of qualitative Music Therapy research in Gerontology. It introduces a new concept, - the therapeutic choir - a therapeutic activity conducted by music therapists for the elderly. Data collection was carried out through such instruments as music therapeutic forms, session reports, audio recordings of sessions (later transcribed), footage, final statements (by the majority of participants) and the transcribed and videotaped interviews of ten participants. A written consent was obtained from the group of participants for the entire process of data collection. Another object of analysis consisted of a video of the last session, which was later shown to three professionals pertaining to different areas. Data analysis was based on the phenomenological paradigm and the participants' profile was quantitatively treated. After the analysis process, three essences emerged from the studied element: singing is a means for both self-expression and self- fulfilment; songs reveal the subjectivity/inner existentiality of the being; and finally, the being's self-confidence instills in the participants of the therapeutic choir expectations about the future. Final considerations indicate that the concept of therapeutic choir may be enlarged and extended to other skilled areas. Finally, it was concluded that when dealing with the elderly, the music therapist should reflect deeply on themes related to life and death, in addition to rethinking his/her relationship with time's multiple faces.
A música tem sido utilizada como elemento terapêutico no tratamento de diversas doenças. O presente trabalho investigou a utilização da música e da musicoterapia relacionados à pressão arterial. Realizou-se uma revisão sistemática, utilizando as bases de dados Lilacs, Medline, Scielo (Scientific Electronic Library Online) e BVS - Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, tendo-se como descritores: Música e Saúde, Música e Hipertensão, Musicoterapia e Pressão Arterial, Música e Pressão Arterial e seus correlatos em inglês e espanhol. Foram incluídos 36 artigos. Os resultados apontam para respostas positivas às intervenções musicais/musicoterapêuticas, sendo que estas têm proporcionado melhora nos níveis de ansiedade, pressão arterial, dor, relaxamento, entre outros. Considera-se importante a publicação de pesquisas realizadas por musicoterapeutas em revistas indexadas para que possam gerar e divulgar os resultados consistentes destes profissionais.
As queimaduras podem gerar seqüelas e ocasionar dores físicas e psicológicas. O presente estudo, propôs investigar os efeitos da Musicoterapia na redução da dor em pacientes vítimas de queimaduras que estão em processo de troca de curativos. Cada paciente teve dois encontros com o musicoterapeuta, após o momento de troca de curativos, sendo um encontro com a realização de uma intervenção musicoterapêutica e o outro não. Os dados quantitativos foram coletados a partir da Escala Faces e os dados qualitativos foram coletados a partir dos depoimentos dos pacientes. A Musicoterapia mostrou-se eficaz no que diz respeito à diminuição dos níveis da dor nos pacientes vítimas de queimaduras atendidos, tanto física quanto emocional.
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