In the present economic context, organizations, especially of small and medium dimensions, can draw a substantial advantage by collaborating and setting up flexible, temporary ICT-enabled networks.
Virtual organizations are a complex subject which requires an interdisciplinary approach. In the absence of specific legislation, consolidated doctrine and case law, jurists can resort to three main cornerstones: agreements between members and with third parties, analogical application of laws in force, and informal rules and trade usage. The preliminary step is to define the object of analysis as clearly as possible by building a model definition of virtual organizations for the legal research. On the basis of the model’s features, the most relevant legal issues can be outlined. At present, owing to the very nature of VOs, no definitive solutions are possible. However, some basic indications can be provided to enable potential and effective partners of a VO to understand from the start the possible legal implications of their activities.
Abstract:The paper is partly based on research done for the EU-funded (IST-2004-2.4.9) project ALIS (Automated Legal Intelligent System) on Intellectual Property Law. We describe the development process of the ALIS Intellectual Property ontology from both a legal and a technical perspective. We discuss the scope and the features of this IP ontology, the lessons learned, and the problems solved. This is done by comparing our ontology (the ALIS IP ontology) with the IPRonto ontology, which too is dedicated to IP. The paper also points out the benefits of both the ALIS system in general and the ALIS IP ontology in particular. Future development of ALIS will involve expanding its ontology to also include law and trademark law. Once these three legal ontologies are in place, they will be consolidated into a single ontology that will provide the framework for a general IP ontology.
This chapter introduces the reader with the specificity of the development of a particular type of legal ontology, that is ontology of copyright law. The process of the development of this ontology (ALIS IP Ontology) should be seen as a miniature guide for anyone who will pursuit a goal to create an ontology for any sphere of law. In this chapter the development of the copyright ontology is not addressed separately as such, but in vaster perspective, analyzing not only particular problems that the development of the legal ontology implies, but also looking at the ontology development issues in the light of the general relation that the law (and intellectual property law in particular) has with the IT domain.
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