RESUMO-O programa de Melhoramento Genético de Pessegueiros da Embrapa Clima Temperado tem, entre seus objetivos, a obtenção de cultivares produtoras de frutas para consumo in natura, com características que satisfaçam às exigências dos consumidores. Alguns dos grandes centros consumidores, como é o caso de São Paulo e Curitiba, preferem pêssegos de polpa branca e sabor doce. A cultivar BRS Kampai, obtida de um cruzamento entre 'Chimarrita' e 'Flordaprince', alia a baixa necessidade em frio, o que é uma vantagem em regiões subtropicais, à boa aparência dos frutos e com sabor superior a qualquer um dos parentais. A colheita dos frutos desta cultivar inicia-se geralmente, em meados de novembro, em Pelotas-RS (em Atibaia, São Paulo, inicia-se na segunda quinzena de outubro), poucos dias antes das cultivares Rubimel (polpa amarela) e Premier (polpa branca), sendo ótima substituta para esta última. Termos de indexação: hibridação, variedade, pêssego de mesa, Prunus persica. PEACH CULTIVAR BRS KAMPAIABSTRACT-The peach breeding program of Embrapa Clima Temperado has, among the objectives the development of fresh market cultivars that fulfill the consumer's preference. Some of the largest consumer centers, such as São Paulo and Curitiba, prefer white flesh peaches with sweet flavor. Cultivar BRS Kampai originated from a crossing between 'Chimarrita' and 'Flordaprince', adds the low chilling requirement, advantageous for subtropical areas, to the good appearance and superior flavor to any of the parents. The harvest period of this cultivar begins mid November, in Pelotas, RS, (and in the second half of October, in Atibaia, SP) a few days before Rubimel (yellow flesh) and Premier (white flesh) cultivars being a good substitute for the last one.
Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a produção de biomassa e a composição química de genótipos selecionados de Artemisia annua (artemisia), Cordia verbenacea (erva-baleeira), Phyllanthus amarus (quebrapedra) e Mikania laevigata (guaco), nos municípios de Altinópolis, Campinas, Jales e São Carlos, no Estado de São Paulo. Ocorrem variações na produção de biomassa, assim como diferenças qualitativas e quantitativas, na composição química das plantas, em função dos locais de cultivo, destacando-se os maiores rendimentos de princípios ativos na região de Jales.Termos para indexação: Artemisia annua, Cordia verbenacea, Mikania laevigata, Phyllanthus amarus, produção, variabilidade química. Biomass and chemical composition of improved genotypes of medicinal plant species cultivated in four cities of São Paulo State, BrazilAbstract -The objective of this work was to evaluate the production and chemical constituents of selected genotypes of Artemisia annua, Cordia verbenaceae, Phyllanthus amarus and Mikania laevigata cultivated in Altinópolis, Campinas, Jales and São Carlos. Biomass variations, and qualitative and quantitative differences in plants chemical composition are observed among the locations, with higher values of interesting substances being detected in Jales.
SIMULATIONS OF MICROCLIMATE IN GREENHOUSES AIMING THE ACCLIMATIZATION OF MICROPROPAGATED SEEDLINGS OF BANANA CV. GRANDE NAINEABSTRACT -In acclimatization processes, the environment control takes over a part of vital importance, since in in vitro condition banana seedlings do not efficiently operate the absorption of light, water and nutrients. Therefore, they should be submitted to controlled environments under feasible conditions of luminosity, temperature (around 28 o C, with minimum of 18 º C and maximum of 34 º C), and relative humidity above 75%. For this purpose, it was installed five mini tunnels with controlled temperature and relative humidity. For the control of temperature it was used pad-fan evaporative coolers at 28/25 º C. For the control of relative humidity it was used fogging during the day at 75% under intermittence of 6s at each 40s. For temperature and relative humidity monitoring, it was installed three aspirate psychrometers in each mini tunnel connected to a data logger for daily acquisition every 60s. Temperature and relative air humidity were adequate for plants development, however significant differences were observed between the different environment conditions. For luminosity study, under transparent plastic film (low density polyethylene) of 100μm thickness, it was used four meshes with average shading in the PAR spectrum band (400 to 700nm) of 69.92%, 50.73%, 29.73%, and 57.77%, being the first three in red color (with top level at 580nm, and abrupt reduction after that), the fourth mesh was black (linear behavior). The fifth tunnel had only transparent plastic film, showing 12.74% of solar radiation interception. These values were obtained from paired samples (mesh and plastic film) for the first four tunnels, and only the transparent plastic film for the last, using a spectral radiometer (400 to 1100nm), with spectral resolution of 2nm. Inside and outside of each environment it was obtained global and PAR irradiance by using calibrated photovoltaic sensors at 9:00, 12:00, and 3:00, under clean and cloudy sky, during the summer of 2004/05, and winter of 2005. The red mesh presented differentiated transmittances at the PAR spectrum band which established an interesting material for acclimatization studies. Results show bigger reductions on the PAR spectrum band for the red mesh, regardless of time, solar radiation, or seasons, which agree with the results obtained by the spectral radiometer
One of the reasons for the low market demand of blackberries in Brazil is the acid taste of the fresh fruit. The fruits of the newly released cultivar BRS Cainguá taste better and have a very attractive shape.
Banana plantlets obtained by micropropagation need to be submitted to a period of acclimatization since they do not use light, water, and nutrients in an efficient way. The acclimatization must be carried out under greenhouse conditions where temperature, light, and air humidity are adequate for a gradual hardening of the plantlets. In this study, the development of banana plantlets was evaluated during acclimatization under a full light condition including covered surfaces with red shade cloth (70%, 50%, and 30% shade) and black shade cloth (50% shade), both under a transparent plastic film of 100 µm. Temperature, relative air humidity, irrigation, and nutrition conditions were also controlled. Physical and physiological parameters were recorded at various stages in the greenhouses after three, six, and nine weeks and also after seven weeks of transplanting to field conditions. Treatments were hierarchically graded according to their statistic classification. Combined results indicated superior outcomes of plantlets maintained under black 50% shade cloth for nine weeks, both in the summer and winter seasons. Similar results, but in a shorter time, were obtained with plantlets cultivated under red 70% shade cloth, for six weeks in the summer. Key words: Musa sp., greenhouse shading, greenhouse climate, ranking SOMBREAMENTO E PERÍODOS DE ACLIMATIZAÇÃO DE MUDAS MICROPROPAGADAS DE BANANEIRA CV. GRANDE NAINERESUMO: Após a sua obtenção em laboratório, mudas in vitro necessitam passar por um período de aclimatização, pois na fase em que se encontram não realizam eficientemente a absorção de luz, água e nutrientes, devendo ser feita em ambiente protegido, onde as condições de temperatura, umidade e luminosidade são favoráveis a um gradual endurecimento das plântulas. No presente trabalho estudouse o desenvolvimento das mudas de bananeira (Musa sp.) durante o segundo estágio da aclimatização (a partir de 10 cm de altura) sob condições de luminosidade (plena, 70, 50 e 30% de superfície de cobertura com malha vermelha e 50% com malha preta, ambas sob filme plástico transparente de 100 µm) associadas a períodos de aclimatização (três, seis e nove semanas), em ambientes com temperatura, umidade do ar, nutrição e irrigação controladas, sendo avaliadas sob variáveis físicas e bioquímicas. Imediatamente após cada período, as plantas foram submetidas a ensaios de campo por sete semanas, sendo avaliadas sob as mesmas variáveis. Na comparação entre as médias, cada tratamento recebeu pontuações obedecendo a ordenação hierárquica de desempenho, segundo critérios de classificação estatística onde se considera o número de tratamentos estatisticamente inferiores e superiores. Nesta ordenação, o uso de tela de malha preta com 50% de sombreamento associado ao período de nove semanas foi o que propiciou melhores condições, tanto no verão quanto no inverno. Visando a redução para seis semanas, o uso alternativo de tela de malha vermelha com 70% produz efeitos equivalentes ao da malha preta com 50%, apenas para condições de verão...
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