Metal–organic
frameworks (MOFs) derivatives had been widely
explored in electronic and environmental fields, but rarely evaluated
in the biomedical applications. Herein, Fe–N codoped carbon
(FeNC) nanoparticles were synthesized and characterized via facile
pyrolysis of precursor ZIF-8 (Fe/Zn) nanoparticles, and their potential
applications in tumor therapy were assessed in this investigation
both in vitro and in vivo. After PAA (sodium polyacrylate) modification,
the FeNC@PAA nanoparticles were able to initiate a Fe-based Fenton-like
reaction to generate ·OH and O2 for chemodynamic therapy
(CDT) and O2 evolution. Meanwhile, the porphyrin-like metal
center in the FeNC@PAA nanoparticles could be used as a photosensitizer
for photodynamic therapy (PDT) of tumors, which could be enhanced
by O2 generated in CDT. Furthermore, the FeNC@PAA nanoparticles
were also found to be effective in photothermal therapy (PTT) with
a photothermal conversion efficiency of 29.15%, owing to a high absorbance
in the near-infrared region (NIR). In conclusion, the synthesized
FeNC@PAA nanoparticles exhibited promising applications in O2 evolution and CDT/PDT/PTT synergistic treatment of tumors.
Imaging-guided photothermal therapy (PTT) in a single nanoscale platform has aroused extensive research interest in precision medicine, yet only a few methods have gained wide acceptance. Thus, it remained an urgent need to facilely develop biocompatible and green probes with excellent theranostic capacity for superior biomedical applications. In this study, a smart chemical oxidative polymerization strategy was successfully developed for the synthesis of Au@PPy core−shell nanoparticles with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as the hydrophile. In the reaction, the reactant tetrachloroauric acid (HAuCl 4 ) was reduced by pyrrole to fabricate a gold (Au) core, and pyrrole was oxidized to deposit around the Au core to form a polypyrrole (PPy) shell. The as-synthesized Au@PPy nanoparticles showed a regular core−shell morphology and good colloidal stability. Relying on the high X-ray attenuation of Au and strong near-infrared (NIR) absorbance of PPy and Au, Au@PPy nanoparticles exhibited excellent performance in blood pool/tumor imaging and PTT treatment by a series of in vivo experiments, in which tumor could be precisely positioned and thoroughly eradicated. Hence, the facile chemical oxidative polymerization strategy for constructing monodisperse Au@PPy core−shell nanoparticles with potential for cancer diagnosis and imaging-guided photothermal therapy shed light on an innovative design concept for the facile fabrication of biomedical materials.
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