Smart Chemical Oxidative Polymerization Strategy To Construct Au@PPy Core–Shell Nanoparticles for Cancer Diagnosis and Imaging-Guided Photothermal Therapy

Abstract

Imaging-guided photothermal therapy (PTT) in a single nanoscale platform has aroused extensive research interest in precision medicine, yet only a few methods have gained wide acceptance. Thus, it remained an urgent need to facilely develop biocompatible and green probes with excellent theranostic capacity for superior biomedical applications. In this study, a smart chemical oxidative polymerization strategy was successfully developed for the synthesis of Au@PPy core−shell nanoparticles with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as the hydrophile. In the reaction, the reactant tetrachloroauric acid (HAuCl 4 ) was reduced by pyrrole to fabricate a gold (Au) core, and pyrrole was oxidized to deposit around the Au core to form a polypyrrole (PPy) shell. The as-synthesized Au@PPy nanoparticles showed a regular core−shell morphology and good colloidal stability. Relying on the high X-ray attenuation of Au and strong near-infrared (NIR) absorbance of PPy and Au, Au@PPy nanoparticles exhibited excellent performance in blood pool/tumor imaging and PTT treatment by a series of in vivo experiments, in which tumor could be precisely positioned and thoroughly eradicated. Hence, the facile chemical oxidative polymerization strategy for constructing monodisperse Au@PPy core−shell nanoparticles with potential for cancer diagnosis and imaging-guided photothermal therapy shed light on an innovative design concept for the facile fabrication of biomedical materials.

Hetastarch-stabilized polypyrrole with hyperthermia-enhanced release and catalytic activity for synergistic antitumor therapy

“…[26][27][28][29] Up to now, the pharmacologically active component of metal oxidants has been ourishingly focused and optimized, nevertheless, another key component of stabilizers that pass through the bulk to the surface has gone unnoticed, despite being critical for structural biosafety and degrading characteristics. [30][31][32] Polyvinylpyrrolidone and polyvinyl alcohol, two popular stabilizers, are susceptible to delayed degradation and prolonged metabolic clearance in vivo, posing a potential risk of long-term toxicity and future hurdles to clinical translation. As a result, developing biodegradable and biosafe PPy, particularly those consisting of safety-approved pharmaceutic adjuvants, is crucial for their biological applications.…”

Simultaneous Imaging and Photodynamic‐Enhanced Photothermal Inhibition of Cancer Cells Using a Multifunctional System Combining Indocyanine Green and Polydopamine‐Preloaded Upconversion Luminescent Nanoparticles

“…Numerous nanomaterials with strong NIR absorption and high photothermal conversion efficiency have been tested for use as photothermal agents in PTT. These include metal nanoparticles, [9,10] polymer nanoparticles, [11,12] carbon nanomaterials, [13][14][15] and organic fluorescent dyes. [16] Among these, indocyanine green (ICG) is recognized as a useful PTT agent.…”

Influence of preparation method on the structure, morphology, and conducting property of poly(m‐aminophenol)/silver nanocomposite

“…[25][26][27][28][29][30] Silver metal emerges as a superior choice in this context due to its advantages, such as the easy synthesis of nanoparticles through the reduction of affordable and environmentally stable silver salts. [31][32][33] In contrast, different morphology like a core-shell, 34,35 nanosphere, nanorod, complex nanosheet, 36 yarn-ball structures, nanowires, leaf-like, 37 etc. of the polyaniline metal nanocomposite have been reported by varying the synthetic routes.…”