The new strategy, employing thiazole as a π bridge into the backbone of quinoid polymers, enhanced the VOC and photovoltaic performance.

No abstract

Near‐infrared (NIR) fluorescent materials are considered to be the most promising labeling reagents for sensitive determination and biological imaging due to the advantages of lower background noise, deeper penetrating capacity, and less destructive effects on the biomatrix over those of UV and visible fluorophores. In the past decade, advances in biomedical fluorescence imaging in the NIR region have focused on the traditional NIR window (NIR‐I; λ=700–900 nm), and have recently been extended to the second NIR window (NIR‐II; λ=1000–1700 nm). In vivo NIR‐II fluorescence imaging outperforms imaging in the NIR‐I window as a result of further reduced absorption, tissue autofluorescence, and scattering. In this review, the applications of four types of NIR‐II fluorescent materials, organic fluorophores, quantum dots, rare‐earth compounds, and single‐walled carbon nanotubes, are summarized and future trends are discussed. Some methods to enhance the NIR‐II fluorescence quantum yield are also proposed.

No abstract

Two D–A polymers with good NIR-II fluorescence, photoacoustic and photothermal properties were designed and synthesized.

A series of small molecule HTMs with two-dimensional and three-dimensional cores is simulated and the results show that the three-dimensional cores exhibit superiorities in comparison with the two-dimensional cores.

An alkyl thiophene unit was employed for the first time as a side chain substituent on an asymmetric benzodithiophene (BDT) building block in the design of novel light-harvesting polymers.

Unsubstituted benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene (BDT) was used to construct a high-performance conjugated polymer with 5,6-difluoro-4,7-bis[4-(2-octyldodecyl)thiophene-2-yl]benzo[c][1,2,5] thiadiazole (DTFFBT), named PBDT-DTFFBT. The polymer shows the low-lying highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy level (-5.40 eV) and a broad absorption spectra with strong vibronic absorption peak. Pure polymer films exhibit good crystallinity and edge-on orientation, partially attributed to the BDT units without any side chains, and as a result, the corresponding thin-film transistor showed excellent hole mobility over 1 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1). Interestingly, a well-distributed nanofibrillar polymer aggregation with face-on orientation was obviously formed when blending with PC71BM, which was in favor of the charge transportation. Consequently, the bulk heterojunction polymer solar cells based on the blends showed high power conversion efficiency of 9.29% with large short-current density (14.56 mA cm(-2)) and high fill factor (0.751) without any process additives or thermal annealing.