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Experiments were performed with water discharging into air from horizontal and vertical tubes of several diameters. The horizontal tubes discharged into a variable space between vertical plates. The effects of length/diameter ratio and the shape of the end of the tube were investigated for the case of vertical tubes. In each case the conditions for the pipes to run full were associated with the formation and washout of large gas bubbles resembling those occurring in the slug flow regime of two-phase flow. The data for horizontal tubes were successfully correlated with some simple limiting theories and dimensionless representations. The vertical tube results were influenced by stability phenomena and nonsymmetrical flow patterns; as a result only a partial understanding was obtained.

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Steam»ater countercurrent flow in a 1/30 scale, flat-plate, pla'stic model of a Pressurized Water Reactor downcomer annulus was investigated. Various inlet geometries, selected to simulate a number of different real reactor injection arrangements, were studied,as well as three water temperatures. Several types of baffling were used to determine their effect on the penetration of liquid through the annulus. Maps, showing the effects of the various parameters on the "end-ofbypass" in this experiment are presented and discussed. The usefulness of this information in reactor safety studies is also discussed, including tentative scaling laws based on simplified theoretical models. Further work is recommended. NOTICE This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by the United States Government. Neither the « United States nor the United States Energy Research and Development Administration, nor any of their employees, ' nor any of their contractors, subcontractors, or their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringel privately owned rights.