References1. Nishizawa T, Okamoto H, Konishi K, Yoshizawa H, Miyakawa Y, Mayumi M. A novel DNA virus (TTV) associated with elevated transaminase levels in post-transfusion hepatitis of unknown etiology. Biochem Biophs Res Commun 1997;241:92-7. 2. Okamoto H, Nishizawa T, Kato N, et al. Molecular cloning and characterisation of a novel DNA virus (TTV) associated with post-transfusion hepatitis of unknown aetiology. Hepatology Research 1998;10:1-16. 3. Simmonds P, Davidson F, Lycett C, et al. Detection of a novel DNA virus (TTV) in blood donors and blood products. Lancet 1998;352:191-5. 4. Naoumov N, Petrova EP, Thomas MG, Williams R. Presence of a newly described human DNA virus (TTV) in patients with liver disease. Lancet 1998;352:195-7. 5. Okamoto H, Akahane Y, Ukita M, et al. Faecal excretion of a nonenveloped DNA virus (TTV) associated with post-transfusion non-A-G hepatitis. J Med Virol 1998;56:128 -32. Detection of Pneumocystis carinii DNA in the Air Filter of a Ventilated Patient with AIDSPneumocystis carinii is an opportunistic fungus causing lifethreatening pneumonia in immunocompromised patients. The reservoir and transmission route of this pathogen are still unclear [1][2][3]. An airborne mode of acquisition has been suggested in animal studies [4]. A similar infection route has also been postulated for the human host on the basis of the observation of outbreaks of P. carinii pneumonia (PCP) in immunodeficient patients [5,6]. Furthermore, the detection of P. carinii DNA in air samples from hospital rooms [1, 2] and private homes [1] of PCP patients suggests the possibility of aerosol spread. However, P. carinii DNA has also been isolated from air samples obtained in rural areas, implicating an alternative way of acquiring PCP from ubiquitous spora [3]. We report the isolation of P. carinii DNA from the air filter of a ventilated AIDS patient with PCP.A 27-year-old male patient with previously unknown HIV infection presented to an emergency department with severe dyspnea that had been treated for several days with doxycycline on an outpatient basis. The first chest roentgenogram revealed no pulmonary infiltrates. During the following 3 days, his pulmonary condition deteriorated despite antibiotic treatment with amoxicillin/clavulanate and erythromycin. Further chest radiographs showed signs of atypical pneumonia. One week later, the patient had to be intubated and automatically ventilated. Giemsa and Grocott-Gomori methenamine-silver nitrate staining of a bronchoalveolar lavage fluid specimen revealed abundant P. carinii organisms.Therapy with high doses of intravenous trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole and cortisone was started. After 3 days, the patient was extubated. During hospitalization, the patient tested positive for HIV infection. Four weeks later, the patient was discharged to home without respiratory symptoms.After the first 18 hours of intubation, the membrane filter (Louis Gibeck AB, Upplands Värby, Sweden) located about 30 cm from the patient's mouth in the intubation system was exchanged and tran...
Our results suggest that ergometry findings may help to identify individuals with asymptomatic CAD. Further verification, e.g., by noninvasive coronary imaging, would then be the basis for strict cardiovascular risk management. For future aeropathological studies on the prevalence of CAD, we suggest that a classification system be established regarding higher degree luminal narrowing as well as plaque morphology, and especially the occurrence of TCFA.
Der Artikel bietet einen ?berblick ?ber Pr?valenz und Einteilung der Synkopen mit dem Schwerpunkt auf den neurogen vermittelten Synkopen?/?Reflexsynkopen; hier vor allem die neurokardiogenen Synkopen. Aus flugmedizinischer Sicht wird auf Grundlage der aktuellen Vorschriftenlage die Diagnostik und flugmedizinische Bewertung von Synkopen dargestellt. Die Kipptischuntersuchung als wesentlicher Bestandteil der Synkopenabkl?rung wird gesondert betrachtet. Sie erm?glicht die Einsch?tzung der orthostatischen Toleranz, tr?gt zur Absch?tzung der vasovagalen Pr?disposition bei und gibt bei Reproduzierbarkeit der Synkope entscheidende Hinweise auf die zugrunde liegende Pathophysiologie, ein wichtiger Punkt bei der Therapieplanung.
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