Methanol extract of Indigofera hirsuta, was evaluated for its antiradical potential and capacity in inhibiting lipoxygenase and aldose/aldehyde reductase enzymes. The ethyl acetate fraction derived from the methanol extract partition, showed the greatest antioxidant capacity, while the butanol was the strongest inhibitor of lipoxygenase enzyme. All fractions (diethyl ether, ethyl acetate, butanol and the aqueous residue) exhibited strong inhibition capacity of both aldose/aldehyde reductase enzymes, which comes in agreement with the ethnomedicinal plant utilization as an antidiabetic agent.LC-DAD-MS(ESI+) fraction analysis verified the findings above, leading to a conclusion regarding the biological activities attributed to the main compounds.Phytochemical analysis led to the identification of an indolic dimer, cinnamic acids, phenolics, flavonoid glycosides, a cyclic polyol, the rare sugar 1-methyl-β-Dglucopyranoside and glycerol. Many of these compounds were isolated for the first time in Indigofera species while the indolic dimer was isolated for the first time in the Fabaceae family.
The synthesis of a novel series of indolyl‐2,5‐dihydroxybenzoquinone derivatives, analogues of asterriquinones, is reported together with their antiproliferative activity against various carcinoma cell lines, such as A549, MCF7, Hcc827 and PC3. For the synthesis, acid catalyzed reactions of 2,5‐diacetoxybenzoquinone with 2‐methyl and 1,2‐dimethyl indole have been employed. Ten compounds have been tested and exhibited differential activity across the various cell lines. Derivative 7 b was the most cytotoxic with an IC50 value of 25±2.0 μΜ against A549 cancer cells and was more active than cisplatin in PC3 cells (IC50 value of 38±1.5 μΜ). The activity and selectivity of the tested compounds depends both on the number of indole units, the presence of protected hydroxyl groups on 1,4‐benzoquinone and N−Me groups on indole.
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