The practice of obstetric vacuum extraction is controversial. This article discusses several issues concerning vacuum extraction including maternal and fetal injury risks, failure rates, indications and technique. Recently published articles on these topics are presented and summarized. Throughout this review, vacuum extraction is evaluated against its principal alternatives, forceps and cesarean delivery.
This chapter reviews the role for instrumental delivery in current practice and gives a critical account of current techniques of operative vaginal delivery by forceps. Important issues, including case choice, documentation, forceps application, avoidance of complications, and training and education are included.
Intrauterine procedures and vaginal delivery were accomplished without autonomic hyperreflexia in this pregnancy. Intrauterine procedures and vaginal delivery might be done safely in women with histories of autonomic hyperreflexia.
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