Background: Odontogenic pain has a high prevalence. One of the alternative materials used as medicine in dentistry is propolis. Propolis is a mixture of natural resins containing flavonoid and phenolic acids that play a role in suppressing the pain response through COX and NF-kB inhibition mechanisms. The content of active propolis compounds is influenced by the type of bee, region, geographical conditions, climate change, seasons, and botanical sources causing different effectiveness of propolis. This is supported by several studies that show a variety of effective doses that produce an optimal analgesic effect, thus a research plan was developed to discover the effective dose of propolis extract on suppressing pain response in mice using the writhing test method. Purpose: To determine the effective dose of propolis extract towards pain response in mice. Methods: This study was conducted using the writhing test method to see the analgesic effect of propolis extract. The research sample consisted of 30 mice which were divided into five treatment groups, namely the piroxicam control group, and the propolis extract group at doses of 35 mg/kgBW, 70 mg/kgBW, 105 mg/kgBW, 140 mg/kgBW. Results: The results showed that the propolis extract dose of 70 mg/kgBW had no significant difference with the piroxicam control group, while between the doses of 35 mg/kgBW, 105 mg/kgBW, 140 mg/kgBW there was a significant difference towards the piroxicam control group. Conclusion: Propolis extract 70 mg/kgBW is the effective dose in suppressing pain response in mice
Background: According to Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) (2013) and the World Health Organisation (WHO), caries is still a global problem and highly prevalent in Indonesia. Caries is mainly caused by Streptococcus mutans with virulence factors known as glucosyltransferase (GTF). The GTF enzyme contribute to the pathogenesis of caries by converting sucrose to fructose and glucan, which are then used in the formation of biofilms and dental plaques. Natural propolis compounds containing flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins and tannins, can inhibit GTF enzyme activity. Purpose: This study aimed to determine an effective concentration of propolis extract for inhibiting the S. mutans GTF enzyme activity. Methods: This study used propolis extract at 14 μg/ mL, 16 μg/m and 1 μg/mL to determine the inhibitory effect on S. mutans GTF enzyme activity. The GTF enzyme were obtained from the supernatant from S. mutans culture centrifugation. The GTF enzyme activity was measured using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to calculate the fructose level. Results: The mean fructose concentration at 14 μg/mL, 16 μg/mL, and 18μg/mL were 3.31%, 1.56%, and 0.29%, respectively. Conclusion: The most effective concentration of propolis extract for inhibiting the effect of S. mutans GTF enzyme activity is 14 μg/mL.
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