Electric energy savings are influenced by magnitude of reactive power used by electric customers, one of the tools that can minimize reactive power is the inverter, which is an electronic equipment, that can change the direct current of electricity to alternating current, The method used is by measuring along with analysis of calculation each time the inverter is given the burden of energy-saving lamps with varying power to determine the change in the electrical quantities to be analyzed. Inverter efficiency in doing the convert direct current to alternating current during low load (5W) amounted to 94.66%, and the highest load current (203W) amounted to 90.55%.
In general Audio Amplifier using linear transformer-based power supply as energy conversion. Such use may cause interference with electrical installation sourced from the substation circuit. The non-linear load would cause problems in the electrical installation system. This research shows that Switch Mode Power Supply (SMPS) has a minimum voltage Vdrop output load of about 100 to 33.33 ohms. On the burden of 25-20 ohms as the voltage Vdrop output, which is different from Linear Power Supply Transformer-based parameters, that its voltage Vdrop output was changed significantly.
Simulation is done to see that the output parameter value of a solar module. Output produced a solar module as measured manually does not provide information that solar modules working at optimal power. Information on the performance of a solar module can be done with a piece of equipment called IV Tracer. IV Tracer work to collect data by varying the value of the working voltage of solar modules ranging from short circuit to open relations. IV Tracer circuits using MOSFETs IRF540 with snubber circuits produce 52 samples of data for 506 mS. The shape of the characteristic curve of current and voltage (IV) produced in accordance with the datasheet PSIM with the fill factor of 0.71.IV Tracer circuit can generate output parameters according to the theory of power changes to variations in temperature values of 0.05% and variations in light intensity of 0.14%. IV Tracer circuit with MOSFET switching system and may dampen stepping snubber circuit voltage of -0.2 V in accordance with the solar module to be tested.
To see the power at normal conditions and at optimal conditions, the researchers used the Electrical Transient Analyzer Program (ETAP). Simulation using Load Flow (LF) and Optimal Power Flow (OPF) is a tool to produce power flow during normal conditions and when the power flow is optimal as a comparison for calculating the cost of generation from the power produced by each generator. After carrying out the Load Flow simulation process, when normal conditions were obtained, the simulation results showed that the active power released by the plant was 807.3 MW. Whereas after carrying out the Optimal Power Flow (OPF) simulation process, at optimal conditions. The simulation results show that the active power released by the generator is 806.2 MW.
Keywords: Electrical Transient Analyzer Program (ETAP), Optimal Power Flow (OPF), Losses
The alternator is a critical component. The car alternator issued AC electric power by utilizing wind power rotation is then converted into DC electrical power supplied to the accumulator before. Therefore, it is not required of operators to operate the working of the alternator. The voltage generated cells in a standard battery is 2V / cell. However, the working voltage is higher. As is known, in order to drain current through a battery, alternator voltage should be higher than the voltage of the batteries themselves. On the other hand must be maintained so that the voltage is not too high to prevent boiling of (gas) from the batteries. As the voltage regulator safe at 200 ° C should be maintained to 2.35 V / cell until 2.4 V / cell. For 12V battery it means that the working voltage of 14.1 V-14.
Earthquake is natural event due to release of energy suddenly from within that creates seismic waves. The vibrations are usually caused by movement of earth's plates. It cannot be predicted when they are coming. Therefore, need to build an early warning system. It is for anticipation of save the community when an earthquake occurs. It provides solutions to minimize the impact of earthquake events. This system uses accelerometer sensor and arduino nano as a main controller and it is accompanied by Blynk application. This works for sent notification via smartphone. This tool has been successfully designed with manual testing to be able to see the sensitivity of earthquake sensor made. Accelerometer sensor works is using Tilt Method. Accelerometer sensor will tilt on surface as parable of earthquake. Accelerometer sensor will send vibration signal when earthquake occurs. Signal processing is done by Arduino nano as the main controller in system. If the signal is received by sensor then value of earthquake will be displayed on LCD screen. Status of earthquake was separated into 4 levels such as standby, alert, dangerous, dangerous and dangerous. After earthquake value appears on the LCD screen and the status is known then buzzer will sound. It indicates that the earthquake warning alarm is properly functioning. Next, NodeMCU also sends information to Blynk application, which is used as a notification and monitoring of earthquake conditions. Buzzer will sound as a warning alarm to notify peoples to save themselves. This sensor has three output coordinate points, namely X, Y, Z, which have analog values on Arduino Nano. This analog value can be converted into Richter Scale. Based on experimental results, an analog value is 100 – 400.
The design of the Solar Panel Test Simulator by means of setting the solar panel placement stand so that the designed tool is able to provide a simulation of solar panel measurements based on actual conditions. The performance of the solar panels is shown through a monitor display placed on the design that will contain information about the solar panels as a whole. Limitations in placing the position of the solar panel will not provide a reference regarding measurement conditions based on the angle of incidence of the sun, so it is necessary to do further design regarding the position of the solar panel when the measurement is carried out. The development carried out in the design of this tool is in the form of setting the solar panel mount in the form of a solar panel mount tilt of 450, 900, 1350, and the distance of the halogen lamp 30cm as the energy source is measured. The measurement results are based on an average design temperature difference of 0.49% with a voltage of 1.55%.
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