For long time in educational system of Indonesia, it tends to create education is only to transfer of knowledge. Students only have dynamics in teaching and learning. In addition, they didn't take any opportunity to construct business orientation. Therefore, this paper will explore activities were created to raise students' awareness in business. The research was conducted in Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia. There are 9 chapters as a handbook for students that discussed on the training. Those papers stimulate discussion and understanding in high school to accelerate their potentials in commerce behaviour. This study was implemented during 2011 to 2013 academic year. In depth interview and participant observation were employed in collecting data. Grounded theory method was applied during investigation. Moreover, qualitative approach was carried in completing this study. This research findings show that programs elaborate students' need in participating in business and commerce. It can create opportunities to enhance students' interest. During the program, students tried to collect data and read information as much as possible in extending the conversation. They have chance to perform their abilities and show it on the course after completing assignment. After series meetings students show their attention in entrepreneurship not only in the classroom but also in internship actions. Finally, students need educational program include syllabus and curriculum that integrate entrepreneurships on those classes.

Background Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) is the barrier for global TB elimination efforts with a lower treatment success rate. Loss to follow-up (LTFU) in DR-TB is a serious problem, causes mortality and morbidity for patients, and leads to wide spreading of DR-TB to their family and the wider community, as well as wasting health resources. Prevention and management of LTFU is crucial to reduce mortality, prevent further spread of DR-TB, and inhibit the development and transmission of more extensively drug-resistant strains of bacteria. A study about the factors associated with loss to follow-up is needed to develop appropriate strategies to prevent DR-TB patients become loss to follow-up. This study was conducted to identify the factors correlated with loss to follow-up in DR-TB patients, using questionnaires from the point of view of patients. Methods An observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted. Study subjects were all DR-TB patients who have declared as treatment success and loss to follow-up from DR-TB treatment. A structured questionnaire was used to collect information by interviewing the subjects as respondents. Obtained data were analyzed potential factors correlated with loss to follow-up in DR-TB patients. Results A total of 280 subjects were included in this study. Sex, working status, income, and body mass index showed a significant difference between treatment success and loss to follow-up DR-TB patients with p-value of 0.013, 0.010, 0.007, and 0.006, respectively. In regression analysis, factors correlated with increased LTFU were negative attitude towards treatment (OR = 1.2; 95% CI = 1.1–1.3), limitation of social support (OR = 1.1; 95% CI = 1.0–1.2), dissatisfaction with health service (OR = 2.1; 95% CI = 1.5–3.0)), and limitation of economic status (OR = 1.1; 95% CI = 1.0–1.2)). Conclusions Male patients, jobless, non-regular employee, lower income, and underweight BMI were found in higher proportion in LTFU patients. Negative attitude towards treatment, limitation of social support, dissatisfaction with health service, and limitation of economic status are factors correlated with increased LTFU in DR-TB patients. Non-compliance to treatment is complex, we suggest that the involvement and support from the combination of health ministry, labor and employment ministry, and social ministry may help to resolve the complex problems of LTFU in DR-TB patients.

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The purpose of this research is to examine the effect of Al-Insyirah contemplation to reduce the academic stress level on Islamic university students. Al-Insyirah contemplation is an Islamic term that related to deep contemplation and visualization for the psychological aspects of the surah of Al-Insyirah. This research used the pre-post experimental design. The participants were 16 students who experience academic stress. Before the subjects were trained by Al-Insyirah contemplation, academic stress scale was administered to measure the academic stress level. Then Al-Insyirah contemplation were trained to them, which consists of six steps. After two weeks, the academic stress scale was measured again. The result of before and after the contemplation were analysed using t-test analysis. The results show that Al-Insyirah contemplation could lower the students' academic stress. Consequently, students after using this contemplation are able to think positively to solve various challenges and difficulties in campus life.

Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk melihat aspek self-efficacy terhadap kesiapan kerja pada mahasiswa semester akhir. Partisipan pada penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa semester akhir di Universitas Airlangga. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode survei dan menggunakan alat ukur Skala General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE) dan Skala Kesiapan Kerja. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah uji regresi linier sederhana dan menggunakan program IBM SPSS Statistic 22. Hasil membuktikan selfefficacy berhubungan secara signifikan terhadap kesiapan kerja mahasiswa dengan p<0,05. Selain itu juga didapati self-efficacy mampu memprediksi R²=0.041 terhadap kesiapan kerja.

This research aims to investigate the influence of personality trait on affective commitment vocational teachers. The population of this survey is vocational teachers in a foundation in the field of education in Surabaya. The technique of collecting data uses questionnaires, while data analysis techniques use regression analysis. The results showed that personality trait had a significant influence on the affective organizational commitment of teachers in Vocational High School. In addition, it was found that two of the five personalities are trait agreeableness and conscientiousness that significantly influenced the affective organizational commitment. It means that teachers who have agreeableness and conscientiousness trait will have emotional attachment, identification and full involvement to organization.

Aim: The aims of the study were unravelling patients' health-seeking behaviour pathways to seek medication in healthcare facilities and key factors that determined patients' immediacy in seeking medical treatment. Method: By involving 5 pulmonary TB patients who were undertaking treatment at Pegirian Primary Health Centre, Surabaya, Indonesia, the research was carried out using an explorative qualitative research design, and the chosen data collection technique was semi-structured interview. Results:The research findings demonstrated that all participants showed five rather similar health-seeking behaviour sequences, such as: (a) defining symptoms; (b) asking laypeople opinions on symptoms; (c) undertaking non-medical treatment to reduce the symptoms; (d) taking laypeople's suggestions to visit healthcare facilities into consideration; (e) deciding to undergo treatment process. Several barriers that caused treatment delay were inaccurate symptom definition and poor health-related risk perception. Meanwhile, reinforcing factors were relatives' appeal to seek treatment, the existence of comorbid/previous diseases, access to healthcare facilities, and increasing perceived severity of the symptoms. Conclusion: Research findings showed that participants performed similar health-seeking pathways. Hindering factors that caused treatment delay were mostly related to cultural-based illness definition and knowledge. Research findings would be potentially beneficial to local primary healthcare for designing interventions that encourage patients to seek professional help and reduce treatment delay.

Background: Drug-resistant TB (DR-TB) is the barrier for global TB elimination efforts with a lower treatment success rate. Loss to follow-up in DR-TB is a serious problem caused mortality and morbidity for patients and leads to wide spreading of DR-TB to their family and the wider community, as well as wasting health resources. Prevention and management loss to follow-up is crucial to reduce mortality, prevent further spread of DR-TB, and inhibit the development and transmission of more extensively drug-resistant strains of bacteria. Study about the factors associated with loss to follow-up is needed to develop appropriate strategies to prevent DR-TB patients become loss to follow-up. This study was conducted to identify the risk factors correlated with loss to follow-up in DR-TB patients, using questionnaires in the point of view from patients.Methods: An observational study with cross-sectional design was conducted. Study subjects were all DR-TB patients who have declared as cured and loss to follow-up from DR-TB treatment. A structured questionnaire was used to collect information by interviewing the subjects as respondents. Obtained data was analyzed potential risk factors for loss to follow-up in DR-TB patients.Results: A total of 280 subjects were included in this study. Sex, working status, income, and body mass index showed significant different between cured and loss to follow-up DR-TB patients with p-value of 0.013, 0.010, 0.007, and 0.006, respectively. Regression analysis revealed the significant association of loss to follow-up with negative attitude towards treatment (p<0.001, OR=1.201; 95% CI=1.104-1.306), limitation of social support (p<0.001, OR=1.163; 95% CI=1.072-1.262), health service (p<0.001, OR=2.193; 95% CI=1.562-3.080)), and limitation of economic status (p=0.034, OR=1.135; 95% CI=1.009-1.276)). Conclusions: Male patients, jobless, non-regular employee, lower income, and underweight BMI were found higher in LTFU patients. Negative attitude towards treatment, limitation of social support, dissatisfaction of health service, and limitation of economic status are risk factors for LTFU in DR-TB patients. Non-compliance to treatment is complex, we suggest that the involvement and support from the combination of health ministry, labor and employment ministry, and social ministry may help to resolve the complex problems of LTFU in DR-TB patients.