Background Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) is the barrier for global TB elimination efforts with a lower treatment success rate. Loss to follow-up (LTFU) in DR-TB is a serious problem, causes mortality and morbidity for patients, and leads to wide spreading of DR-TB to their family and the wider community, as well as wasting health resources. Prevention and management of LTFU is crucial to reduce mortality, prevent further spread of DR-TB, and inhibit the development and transmission of more extensively drug-resistant strains of bacteria. A study about the factors associated with loss to follow-up is needed to develop appropriate strategies to prevent DR-TB patients become loss to follow-up. This study was conducted to identify the factors correlated with loss to follow-up in DR-TB patients, using questionnaires from the point of view of patients. Methods An observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted. Study subjects were all DR-TB patients who have declared as treatment success and loss to follow-up from DR-TB treatment. A structured questionnaire was used to collect information by interviewing the subjects as respondents. Obtained data were analyzed potential factors correlated with loss to follow-up in DR-TB patients. Results A total of 280 subjects were included in this study. Sex, working status, income, and body mass index showed a significant difference between treatment success and loss to follow-up DR-TB patients with p-value of 0.013, 0.010, 0.007, and 0.006, respectively. In regression analysis, factors correlated with increased LTFU were negative attitude towards treatment (OR = 1.2; 95% CI = 1.1–1.3), limitation of social support (OR = 1.1; 95% CI = 1.0–1.2), dissatisfaction with health service (OR = 2.1; 95% CI = 1.5–3.0)), and limitation of economic status (OR = 1.1; 95% CI = 1.0–1.2)). Conclusions Male patients, jobless, non-regular employee, lower income, and underweight BMI were found in higher proportion in LTFU patients. Negative attitude towards treatment, limitation of social support, dissatisfaction with health service, and limitation of economic status are factors correlated with increased LTFU in DR-TB patients. Non-compliance to treatment is complex, we suggest that the involvement and support from the combination of health ministry, labor and employment ministry, and social ministry may help to resolve the complex problems of LTFU in DR-TB patients.

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Introduction: Treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) may become a problem when the patients show no adherence to the treatment and feel bored with its long duration. This condition may lead to the drop out in the treatment.  Therefore, this study aimed at analyzing the effects of self-management education on the quality of life of patients with pulmonary TB.  Method: The design of this study is quasi-experiment conducted in 3 Puskesmas (Community Health Center), in which 150 respondents was divided into 2 groups: 75 respondents in the control group and 75 respondents in the treatment group. They were chosen as the samples by using simple random sampling technique. The data were collected by conducting pretest to measure the quality of life, doing intervention through self-management education, and finally providing posttest. Furthermore, the data were analyzed by using Mann Whitney U test and Wilcoxon signed rank test.Result: Change in perceptions that this disease is infected by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the right place for the treatment is Puskesmas or hospitals, and a high hope for the cure needs supports form the family and medical workers  Conclusion, self-management education increases the quality of life of the patients with pulmonary TB. The future research is expected to analyze their life expectancy more deeply.

Background: Drug-resistant TB (DR-TB) is the barrier for global TB elimination efforts with a lower treatment success rate. Loss to follow-up in DR-TB is a serious problem caused mortality and morbidity for patients and leads to wide spreading of DR-TB to their family and the wider community, as well as wasting health resources. Prevention and management loss to follow-up is crucial to reduce mortality, prevent further spread of DR-TB, and inhibit the development and transmission of more extensively drug-resistant strains of bacteria. Study about the factors associated with loss to follow-up is needed to develop appropriate strategies to prevent DR-TB patients become loss to follow-up. This study was conducted to identify the risk factors correlated with loss to follow-up in DR-TB patients, using questionnaires in the point of view from patients.Methods: An observational study with cross-sectional design was conducted. Study subjects were all DR-TB patients who have declared as cured and loss to follow-up from DR-TB treatment. A structured questionnaire was used to collect information by interviewing the subjects as respondents. Obtained data was analyzed potential risk factors for loss to follow-up in DR-TB patients.Results: A total of 280 subjects were included in this study. Sex, working status, income, and body mass index showed significant different between cured and loss to follow-up DR-TB patients with p-value of 0.013, 0.010, 0.007, and 0.006, respectively. Regression analysis revealed the significant association of loss to follow-up with negative attitude towards treatment (p<0.001, OR=1.201; 95% CI=1.104-1.306), limitation of social support (p<0.001, OR=1.163; 95% CI=1.072-1.262), health service (p<0.001, OR=2.193; 95% CI=1.562-3.080)), and limitation of economic status (p=0.034, OR=1.135; 95% CI=1.009-1.276)). Conclusions: Male patients, jobless, non-regular employee, lower income, and underweight BMI were found higher in LTFU patients. Negative attitude towards treatment, limitation of social support, dissatisfaction of health service, and limitation of economic status are risk factors for LTFU in DR-TB patients. Non-compliance to treatment is complex, we suggest that the involvement and support from the combination of health ministry, labor and employment ministry, and social ministry may help to resolve the complex problems of LTFU in DR-TB patients.

Background: This study discusses the analysis of Tuberculosis (TB) program management at the Perak Timur Primary Health Care (PHC) and the Sawahan PHC in Surabaya. Early detection and adequate treatment can prevent transmission and improve control programs. Objective: This study aims to analyze management of the tuberculosis program at PHCs in Surabaya. Methods: The research method used is qualitative research. Data collection was done by interviewing tuberculosis officers about TB program and carrying out observations at the PHCs. Results: The study showed that case finding in the Perak Timur PHC and the Sawahan PHC was passive-active. The Perak Timur PHC has facilities for rapid molecular testing, while the Sawahan PHC have to go to a center for Health Laboratory if rapid molecular testing is needed. In terms of treatment, patients at the Perak Timur PHC would come according to an agreement with TB officer, while at the Sawahan PHC, patients have to come every Monday. Officer at the Perak Timur PHC tended to accommodate the needs of TB patients compared to officer at the Sawahan PHC. The level of adherence to taking medication in two PHCs is good but there are a number of patients who have not really understood the frequency of taking medication. Conclusion: Generally, both PHCs have good TB program management but the Perak Timur PHC tends to be more flexible towards patients while the Sawahan PHC tends to be stricter towards patients.