This paper explores the overlap and relationship between Compassion-Focused Therapy (CFT) as an evolution-informed, biopsychosocial approach to the mind and two Buddhist approaches to the development of insight and meditation. We present this exploration in terms of a three-way exposition between PG (Paul Gilbert), a clinical psychologist and compassion-focused therapist, MH (Malcolm Huxter), also a clinical psychologist and long-term meditation practitioner, primarily in the Theravada Buddhist traditions, and CH (Choden), a long-term meditation practitioner and monastic of Mahayana Buddhism. We share overlapping but different approaches to the processes of insight, understanding, and the training of compassion.
Orchids are the largest and diverse families of flowering plants. Orchids are found growing mostly in tropical climates affecting various communities socio-economically. Among many protected areas in Bhutan, Jomotshangkha Wildlife Sanctuary (JWS) is the least explored in terms of flora and fauna. The study was carried out to assess diversity, host tree preferences and to determine the growth zone of epiphytic orchids along the altitudinal gradient in Langchenphu gewog in JWS. Transect technique was used in which three trails transect were laid out with 10 sampling plots in each transect. Plots size of 20 m × 20 m along the altitudinal gradients were established maintaining an altitudinal interval of 100 meters between each sample plot. A total of 42 species of epiphytic orchids from 20 genera was recorded of23 host tree species under 15 families were recorded. A significant correlation between diversity of orchid and altitude was observed (r = .927, p < .05). Myrtaceae and Theaceae were the most preferred host tree families (14%) followed by Bignoniaceae (13%) and others respectively. The Study concludes that 57% of total species encountered prefers higher canopy & on a tree with rough bark, Pearson chi-square test (X2(1) = 4.7, p< .05) showed a significant difference between trunk, branches, and canopy. Many epiphytic orchids prefer dense canopy (n = 73, 47%) and living trees (99%). Future studies should be focused more on the flowering season for obtaining better information on orchid diversity in the study area.
Introduction: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) pose significant public health challenges in Bhutan. In 2019, Bhutan's Ministry of Health introduced a set of interventions associated with the World Health Organization's Package of Essential Noncommunicable Disease Interventions for Primary Health Care in Low-Income Settings called PEN HEARTS. This initiative in four main areas: human resources, medicine shortages, equipment failure, and record-keeping. They also described benefits from increased supervision and peer support. Patients described experiencing more patient-centered care and overall positive experiences with the program. Conclusion:The evaluation identified areas of PEN HEARTS implementation that should be strengthened and improved, particularly training, record-keeping, and the use of AUDIT and cardiovascular disease risk assessments. The evaluation also showed evidence of improved disease control across achievement of treatment goals, reduction of treatment gaps, and improved patient retention in care. PEN HEARTS has potential to make a difference for NCD patients, and focusing on improving future implementation may further yield benefits in Bhutan.
The authors report a study in which they examined how the principals utilize to analyze the level and contrast of principals’ discernments towards instructional leadership practices based on individual and institutional factors along with identification of hindrances to leadership practice in Bhutan. The quantitative and qualitative approaches were deployed for this research. Three instructional leadership dimensions of, managing instructional programs, defining the school mission and promoting a positive school learning environment were used as measurement of criteria. The data were collected through Principals Instructional Management Rating Scale questionnaires and semi-structured interviews and analyzed using mean, standard deviation, t-test, and content analysis. The respondents consisted of 31 principals. These 31 principals are the representative of Instructional leadership from one of the districts in Bhutan. The findings of this study revealed principals’ high-level practices of instructional leadership and consistency among the personal and institutional factors. The result showed that all the 10 instructional leadership functions (Principals Instructional Management Rating Scale) almost at high level and overall mean generated was also high (3:58). Distinguished obstacles to instructional leadership were various roles, time limitations, work over-burden, lacking guidelines resources, shortages of teacher, restricted bolster for professional advancement, jumble between expectations and priorities. Within the light of the above findings, researcher would like to conclude that building learning culture not only depends on individual academic qualification but also the working environment and attitude of the academic committee towards student centered learning beneath the supervision of effective instructional leadership.
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