Advancing women's land rights is a priority for the international development agenda. Little consensus exists, however, on which rights should be monitored and reported, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa where individual property rights and customary tenure regimes coexist and where much agricultural land remains unregistered. In such contexts, data collected on land ownership may provide only a limited complete picture of women's and men's land rights. While some surveys collect information on women's land ownership, others collect information on women's management of land or control over the output produced. This study examines the extent to which these various dimensions of land rights overlap in six countries in Sub-Saharan Africa.poverty reduction through increased productivity and increased participation in income generating activities.
In 2016, the General Assembly of the United Nations recognised inappropriate Antimicrobial Use (AMU) in livestock as one of the leading causes of increasing Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR). This is happening at a time when livestock production is expected to increase dramatically particularly in Africa, in response to the large rise in aggregate demand due to population growth, urbanisation and increasing income levels. Therefore, understanding the characteristics and appropriateness of AMU in livestock in this region is of utmost importance, yet data is seldom available. We propose to collect information on AMU in livestock by including related questions in nationally representative agricultural surveys that are carried out regularly (annually or every 2–3 years) by National Statistical Offices. This approach, with its limitation though, is a viable and cost-effective way to gather essential information on AMU in livestock farming. The Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS) in collaboration with the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) piloted the introduction of key AMU questions in the Annual Agricultural Survey (AAS), gathering data from 6 thousand agricultural households nation-wide. Results show that AMU is considerable among livestock keeping households (35%), who use antibiotics not only for curative treatment (~58%) but also for disease prevention (~44%) and growth promotion (~5%). Data from the AAS also allows users to explore linkages between antibiotics use, livestock production practices (e.g. herd composition and size, feeding, breeding techniques, etc.) and other household / farm characteristics (e.g. location, education, household size, etc.), thereby effectively informing policy decisions.
An important objective of the 50x2030 Initiative to Close the Agricultural Data Gap is to empower partner countries’ statistical systems for evidence-based decision-making, especially to achieve Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 2. The reference survey instruments of the Initiative allow the monitoring of SDG 2, particularly through indicators 2.3.1, 2.3.2 and 2.4.1. As the lead agency of the Initiative’s Data Production component, FAO assists countries in collecting the required data. The paper discusses the experiences, challenges and solutions encountered in the partner countries engaged in the 50x2030 Initiative and one of its preceding survey programs, the AGRISurvey Programme – namely Cambodia, Ecuador, Georgia, Indonesia, Nepal, Senegal, and Uganda. The experiences encompass data collection and the computation and dissemination of the Indicators.
The 50x2030 Initiative proposes an integrated modular agricultural and rural survey program that promotes the integration of traditional socio-economic household surveys and agricultural surveys in beneficiary countries. An integrated sampling design is proposed to ensure that the integrated survey fulfils the measurement objectives of the traditional surveys in a cost-effective way. This paper will present an overview of the key technical features of the proposed integrated sampling procedures including the development of sampling frames, stratification criteria, sampling size calculations, estimation procedures and sampling approaches over time. The operational procedures will be highlighted through a presentation of an application of the methodology in the Uganda Harmonized Integrated Survey.
Land rights of individuals, and women in particular, are believed to have a direct effect on numerous aspects of development, including shock resilience, technology adoption, access to credit, and empowerment, among others. This paper highlights the work of the 50x2030 Initiative in promoting sex-disaggregated data on land rights, specifically through the measurement of individual land tenure rights in the context of SDG Indicator 5.a.1 and the land rights encompassed therein. The 50x2030 Initiative aims to support partner countries in collecting the data necessary for SDG 5.a.1, the “(a) Proportion of total agricultural population with ownership or secure rights over agricultural land, by sex” and “(b) Share of women among owners or rights bearers of agricultural land, by type of tenure”, by (i) incorporating a questionnaire module that was developed by FAO, the World Bank, and UN-Habitat to measure the two SDG indicators on individual land tenure rights (SDG 5.a.1 and 1.4.2) into its survey tools, (ii) providing support to partner countries in the adaptation and implementation of this instrument, and (iii) conducting methodological validation around the measurement of individual land rights, all with the aim of supporting high-quality, individual-level land tenure data at scale.
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