The outcome of patients suffering from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is very poor, and postresuscitation comorbidities increase long-term mortality. This study aims to analyze new-onset postresuscitation comorbidities in patients who survived from OHCA for over one year. The Taiwan National Health Insurance (NHI) Database was used in this study. Study and comparison groups were created to analyze the risk of suffering from new-onset postresuscitation comorbidities from 2011 to 2012 (until December 31, 2013). The study group included 1,346 long-term OHCA survivors; the comparison group consisted of 4,038 matched non-OHCA patients. Demographics, patient characteristics, and risk of suffering comorbidities (using Cox proportional hazards models) were analyzed. We found that urinary tract infections (n = 225, 16.72%), pneumonia (n = 206, 15.30%), septicemia (n = 184, 13.67%), heart failure (n = 111, 8.25%) gastrointestinal hemorrhage (n = 108, 8.02%), epilepsy or recurrent seizures (n = 98, 7.28%), and chronic kidney disease (n = 62, 4.61%) were the most common comorbidities. Furthermore, OHCA survivors were at much higher risk (than comparison patients) of experiencing epilepsy or recurrent seizures (HR = 20.83; 95% CI: 12.24–35.43), septicemia (HR = 8.98; 95% CI: 6.84–11.79), pneumonia (HR = 5.82; 95% CI: 4.66–7.26), and heart failure (HR = 4.88; 95% CI: 3.65–6.53). Most importantly, most comorbidities occurred within the first half year after OHCA.

In Taiwan, ACG was more prevalent in women and OAG might be more prevalent in men. The prevalence of ACG was higher than that of OAG before 2005, but the prevalence of OAG has been higher than that of ACG since 2005.

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Summary Pu‐erh tea was presumed to have anti‐hyperglycaemic effects with limited evidence. This study uses meta‐analysis to investigate anti‐hyperglycaemic effect of Pu‐erh tea. Five English databases and three Chinese ones were systematically searched up to July 31, 2018. Those databases were searched to identify studies containing keywords of ‘Pu‐erh’, ‘Pu'er’, ‘blood sugar’, ‘blood glucose’ and ‘hyperglycaemia’. RevMan 5 and Stata were then utilized to conduct meta‐analysis. Systematic reviews collected two mice studies with sixteen records for meta‐analysis. Meta‐analysis results showed that Pu‐erh tea has significant anti‐hyperglycaemic effect on mice. Pooled weight mean difference of blood sugar on mice studies were 71 and 116 mg dL−1 at 21st day and 28th day respectively. Meta‐regression disclosed over a longer intervention period showed that Pu‐erh tea can reduce fasting blood glucose. Secondly, a higher dose of Pu‐erh is shown to lower fasting blood glucose more significantly.