Nursing care professionals, who emphasise primary, secondary and tertiary prevention with individuals and families, should develop effective prevention strategies for women with family the history of osteoporosis to protect the health of these vulnerable populations at-risk for osteoporosis.
The newly developed copolymer resins with more than 50 wt % of the standard phenol replaced by the sodium hydroxide extracts of peanut hulls and pecan nut pith were evaluated by gluing southern pine plywood and three-layer oriented strand boards. By evaluation of southern pine plywood gluelines, the copolymer resins retain their fast curing characteristics even though 60% by weight of the standard phenol was replaced by the extracts. In bonding the oriented strand boards, three copolymer resins with 60%, 80%, and 100% by weight of their standard phenol replaced by the peanut hull extracts were evaluated. The copolymer resin with 60 wt % of phenol replacement exhibited superior bonding qualities compared with the commercial resins. The resins with 80% and 100% by weight of phenol replacement had possibly pre-cured during the re-drying process after the strands were coated with resins due to the excessive moisture content in the mat.
Four different molar ratios of formaldehyde to peanut hull extracts were used to synthesize copolymer resins of phenol, formaldehyde, and peanut hull extracts. For gluing southern pine plywood, the best resins are made with 1.0 to 1.2 molar ratio. In examining the influence of different formaldehydes, there was no statistically significant difference among the resins made of 95% paraformaldehyde or 50% formalin in gluing southern pine plywood.However, the gluability in bonding southern pine plywood was significantly different between the methanol containing 37 % formalin and the other two formaldehyde sources containing no methanol.
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