Gluability of copolymer resins having higher replacement of phenol by agricultural residue extracts

Abstract

The newly developed copolymer resins with more than 50 wt % of the standard phenol replaced by the sodium hydroxide extracts of peanut hulls and pecan nut pith were evaluated by gluing southern pine plywood and three-layer oriented strand boards. By evaluation of southern pine plywood gluelines, the copolymer resins retain their fast curing characteristics even though 60% by weight of the standard phenol was replaced by the extracts. In bonding the oriented strand boards, three copolymer resins with 60%, 80%, and 100% by weight of their standard phenol replaced by the peanut hull extracts were evaluated. The copolymer resin with 60 wt % of phenol replacement exhibited superior bonding qualities compared with the commercial resins. The resins with 80% and 100% by weight of phenol replacement had possibly pre-cured during the re-drying process after the strands were coated with resins due to the excessive moisture content in the mat.

Gluability of Copolymer Resins Made of Tree Foliage Extracts, Phenol, and Formaldehyde for Southern Pine Plywood

“…Naturally, it was of interest to investigate if the copolymer resins made of a higher percentage phenol replacement could still retain the advantage of fast curing, äs those copolymer resins containing extracts of peanut hüll and pecan pith did (Chen 1981). l with the copolymer resins having 40% by weight of chemical phenol replaced with extracts of tree foliage.…”

“…Present and future demand for energy and fiber, particularly in the face of dwindling supplies of resources, will also make added demands on the products of the renewable resources. In the field of adhesives, foliage exhibited good adhesive properties for bonding particleboard (Chow 1977) and was successfully used äs substitute for wheat flour and conventional filiers in plywood glue mix (Barton, Mclntosh, and Chow 1978 As the author reported in previous papers, a family of fast curing copolymer resins made of bark and agricultural residue extracts has been developed for gluing exterior grade structural plywood, particleboard, flakeboard, and composite panels (Chen 1981(Chen ,1982a. Although the development of industrial products from foliage has been slow, the chemistry of foliage constituents has been extensively studied (Barton 1981).…”

Effects of formaldehyde concentration on the bond quality of peanut hull extract copolymer resins

“…A family of fast curing copolymer resins made of formaldehyde, phenol, and bark and agricultural residue extracts has been developed for gluing exterior grade structural plywood, particle boards, flake boards, and 0196-4321/82/1221-0450501.25/0 composite panels as the author reported in previous papers (Chen, 1981(Chen, ,1982a. The paraformaldehyde is the most stable and easiest to handle among all formaldehyde sources during the storage period; therefore, all the copolymer resins used in the previous experiments by the author were synthesized with paraformaldehyde in the form of fine powder, containing 95% by weight of available formaldehyde.…”