Common themes in prevailing mentoring practices help identify key elements for the design of an effective mentoring program in medical social work. We conclude with a discussion of the implications of these findings upon clinical practice in palliative care and on sustaining such a program.

Sleep norms vary between individuals, being affected by personal, communal, and socioeconomic factors. Individuals with sleep time which deviate from the population norm are at risks of adverse mental, cardiovascular, and metabolic health. Sleep-related issues are common agenda for consultation in primary care. This study aimed to determine the sleep time, pattern, and behavior of multiethnic Asian individuals who attended public primary care clinics in an urban metropolitan city-state.Standardized questionnaires were assistant-administered to adult Asian individuals who visited 2 local public primary care clinics in north-eastern and southern regions of Singapore. The questionnaire included questions on demographic characteristics, self-reported sleep time, patterns, and behavior and those originated from the American National Sleep Foundation Sleep Diary. The data were collated, audited, rectified, and anonymized before being analyzed by the biostatistician. Individuals with 7 h sleep time or longer were deemed getting adequate sleep. Chi-squared or Fisher exact test was used to test the association between the demographic and behavioral variables and sleep time. Next, regression analysis was performed to identify key factors associated with their sleep time.A total of 350 individuals were recruited, with higher proportion of those of Chinese ethnicity reporting adequate sleep. Almost half (48.1%) of those who slept <7 h on weekdays tended to sleep ≥7 h on weekends. More individuals who reported no difficulty falling asleep, had regular sleep hours and awakening time, tended to sleep adequately. Those who slept with children, studied, read leisurely, used computer or laptops in their bedrooms, drank caffeinated beverages or smoked had inadequate sleep. Those who perceived sufficient sleep and considered 8 h as adequate sleep time had weekday and weekend sleep adequacy.Sleep time varied according to ethnicity, employment status, personal behavior, and perception of sleep sufficiency. Awareness of sleep time and pattern allows the local physicians to contextualize the discussion of sleep adequacy with their patients during consultation, which is a prerequisite to resolve their sleep-related issues.

The swivel arm board is a useful adjunct to enable CBCT acquisition during transradial TACE. Advances in knowledge: Transradial TACE is a novel technique, and adaptation to allow for CBCT acquisition is currently challenging. This manuscript illustrates how to overcome the positioning difficulties with the use of the swivel arm board.

We present a methodology for estimating the required dimensions of tunnel dryers used in the drying of agricultural products. The methodology incorporates a material model that describes the drying behaviour of the product based on the ‘receding front’ concept, and a formulation of the transfer processes in tunnel drying. The material model is first validated using experimental data before it is integrated into the dryer model. The overall dryer model in finite‐difference form is used to simulate the performance of a tunnel dryer under varying conditions. The resulting simulation algorithm becomes an engineering tool for designers of tunnel dryers, enabling the estimation of required dimensions and the drying time to reach the desired moisture content under different drying conditions and dryer performance. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Int. J. Energy Res., 21, 395–410 (1997).