Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a common vascular condition that affects the lower extremities, and its prevalence is increasing worldwide. We studied 100 patients over a period of 9 months to understand the role of duplex ultrasound in peripheral arterial disease and assess the spectrum of vascular disease in western Gujarat population. Duplex ultrasound is a non-invasive imaging modality that plays a crucial role in the diagnosis, evaluation, and management of PAD. This technique combines two types of ultrasound, B-mode and Doppler, to visualize the arterial anatomy and assess blood ow velocities. Duplex ultrasound provides accurate information about the presence and severity of stenosis or occlusion, as well as the hemodynamic signicance of the disease. It can classify PAD based on various parameters, including the ankle-brachial index (ABI) and pulse wave velocity (PWV). Duplex ultrasound is also useful in monitoring disease progression and treatment response. The technique has several advantages over other imaging modalities, including its non-invasive nature, lower cost, portability, and ability to provide real-time imaging during interventions. However, interpreting duplex ultrasound results requires expertise in vascular anatomy and hemodynamics. Overall, duplex ultrasound is a versatile and valuable tool in the diagnosis and management of PAD
Renal coloboma syndrome (RCS), also called papillorenal syndrome, is a rare syndrome characterized by renal abnormalities and optic nerve dysplasia. We present a case of a neonate with renal and eye abnormalities. Along with the known diagnosis of multicystic dysplastic kidney, the neonate was diagnosed with coloboma of the right eye, making a probable diagnosis of RCS. Retinal detachment and decreased visual acuity are implications of the ocular malformations. Hypertension, proteinuria, and renal insufficiency, which frequently lead to end-stage kidney disease, are serious consequences of renal dysplasia.
Aortic origin of the pulmonary artery (AOPA) is an infrequent congenital malformation. It is less frequently documented with an estimated prevalence of ~1%. Aortic origin of the right pulmonary artery is more common than the left. Frequent episodes of the lower respiratory tract infection and pulmonary arterial hypertension are common complications if left untreated. Despite causing significant, morbidity diagnosis is delayed if AOPA is associated with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Our aim is to document a case of AOPA with PDA to explain the pathology, clinical implications, consequences, management options, and relevant literature review.
Acquiring insight into variations in anatomical course of renal veins is of importance for operative procedure in this region. These variations are consequent on developmental aberrations. A normal preaortic course of LRV can vary and be like retroaortic, circumaortic or additional LRV & left inferior vena cava with retroaortic right renal vein. Estimated prevalence of RLRV is ~2%. We aimed at its recognition on cross sectional imaging and clinical implications. Middle aged male presenting with complain of hematuria, left ank pain, anorexia, weight loss and past history of right nephrectomy for renal stone 30 years back found to have a large left renal mass lesion with few liver lesions on ultrasound, subsequently subjected to triple phase CT abdomen. On CT a retroaortic left renal vein with markedly dilated tributaries and a large left renal mass lesion with hepatic, pulmonary and left adrenal metastases were detected. A thorough review of relevant literature was done post imaging. RLRV can be an incidental nding easy to detect on CT. Sound knowledge of renal vein variations is useful prior to interventional procedure in this region in symptomatic patients
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